From a technology point of view, there is an international standard for e-passports. It was developed by the member states, Canada included, of ICAO, the International Civil Aviation Organization, a UN specialized agency headquartered in Montreal. There are about 60 countries now issuing e-passports. All issue their e-passports to that specification.
The working group, the subgroup at ICAO that developed those specifications, continues to meet and to explore how new technologies could be added to the current specification and how we could leverage the existing specification for the future.