There are several elements to your question.
Concerning the communications services project, it is clear that National Defence did not participate in the decision–making process, except at the end. In that regard, the department's senior officials who would be using the system were not involved in the process.
As for the other two procurement projects, in the case of the benefits delivery modernization, we saw that the roles and responsibilities were not well defined. It was not clearly determined when senior officials had to participate in decision-making process. So there is a deficiency in terms of governance.
As I said before—