Thank you for that question.
There's a tremendous impact from prison crowding. Prisons have design capacities, and those design capacities suggest staffing ratios. They also suggest space allocation for programs, etc. When you have a prison that's crowded or overcrowded, you're testing the limits of those decisions. You simply don't have the physical capacity or the human resource capacity to deliver programs to everybody at the time that they could best benefit from those programs.
Let me give you two really quick examples. You visited Collins Bay and Joyceville Institutions. Collins Bay Institution today has a count of 460 inmates. For the fiscal year that ended March 31, 2011, there were 208 enrollments into all core correctional programs—460 inmates, 208 enrollments. That doesn't mean there were 200 separate offenders; one offender could be enrolled in more than one program. Of those 208 enrollments, there were only 154 completions—so in an offender population of 460 there are 154 program completions. A lot of that has to do with the physical capacity of the Correctional Service to deliver the program. If you turn your attention to Joyceville Institution, which the committee also visited, today's count is 420. In the substance abuse core program, there were 21 enrollments last fiscal year.
We know that 80% of offenders have a substance abuse history, that 50% of them were intoxicated when they committed their crime. We know there's a tremendous co-morbidity with mental health. Yet out of a count of 420, we saw fewer than two dozen inmates enrolled last year in a core substance abuse program. That has to do with physical capacity to deliver programs.