Yes, this is the primary concern of this research. We see routing that is diverted, either maliciously or accidentally, to locations where you don't want it to go.
By the way, it also hurts performance, so you don't get the network to be as fast as it could be. I can tell you, for example, that we've seen routes from Tokyo to Seoul rerouted non-maliciously through the U.S. and then, after a week, through London. This makes the connection time 10 times slower, and this is a non-malicious diversion.
You see things like this happening all the time. The real problem is how do you distinguish between bad engineering, configuration errors and attacks.