Thank you for the question.
It was some years ago, maybe up to five years ago, at the politics of surveillance conference where I heard experts on policing in Europe say that European police were telling them that they're really uninterested in wiretaps at this moment. It might be why we've seen a decline in applications for wiretaps in Canada, simply because metadata was so much richer in terms of what it could tell them.
Metadata, again, is very attractive in a national security realm because it maps networks. Networks are what we often look to in terms of security intelligence. That's the good side for security intelligence.
The bad news is what happens when that results in the kinds of profiles that put you on, for example, the no-fly list or the slow-fly list, on the basis of evidence that you can never counter. The notion that we have access to data streams, data exhaust, data about our data, that reveals all kinds of intimate aspects of our lives that we don't even conceive of, is very much top of mind for the OPC.