To my knowledge there isn't any legal recourse, at least not through the U.S. system, for American visitors travelling abroad.
One of the reasons we advocate for limitations on the U.S. government not only on device searches—which I understand are not an issue in the bill under consideration—but in terms of the questions asked and the information recorded, is that other governments may behave in a reciprocal manner. They might similarly demand information about people's activities and record, retain, and share that information in a way without limitations. Our concern is that if this becomes a worldwide norm, that will have implications for freedom of speech, freedom of association, human rights, and people's ability to travel freely without concern that their privacy will be unduly burdened.
Certainly there's a concern that whatever the U.S. government implements in terms of a policy of data retention will be copied by other governments, and that there will be limited recourse for people who face the choice of either travelling or not.