You have the residential schools and the trauma coming down through the families. If we go back three generations, the grandparents were affected by the residential schools, and this was passed on to the parents. These kids are suffering from the residual effects of trauma from the residential schools. I believe the last one closed in 1970.
Also, if they're coming off reserve and into the urban centres, I believe they get into conflict with the law simply because of cultural differences. There is overrepresentation, but on the upside there are also indigenous youth who are going to school and being successful.