I appreciate that question, as that is absolutely something that needs to be implemented as well, so there are not just three but four. It is important to collect sufficient race-based data, as this gives us an opportunity to see how different racial groups are experiencing policing. It can also be an opportunity for us to identify potential areas of discrimination in how officers are dealing with certain communities.
Within my own research, it is very important to get the voices and experiences from individuals who have experienced the police; however, with sufficient race-based data and that quantitative data, we're able to see trends and have a more nuanced understanding as to how the police and the community interact.
I do understand that there are concerns over how race-based data can be used to further stigmatize certain communities. My colleagues Dr. Akwasi Owusu-Bempah and Scot Wortley can speak to this a lot more eloquently than I can, but it is important for there to be a disclaimer as to how there are contextual factors that can demonstrate why there might be a higher level of offending within particular communities. That's why we need to have deeper discussions as to the structural factors that lead to criminogenic factors.