Thank you, Ms. Larouche.
We do not pretend that it is easy to help people move away from extremism or re‑engage in a sociable way. On the contrary, it is extremely difficult and must be done on a voluntary basis. However, it is always possible, as there are always moments when an individual doubts their commitment and ideas and questions themselves. There must be organizations present to support this reflection and journey.
You talk about the carrot. Indeed, we work first to help people. We know that these are people who sometimes decide to act in a despicable, anti-social or violent way, but they are also people who have gone there because some of their needs were not being met. So that is what we work towards.
With regard to evaluation, there are issues relating to confidentiality. In addition, having to work in a hurry also creates problems, and it is always very difficult to have very effective measurement tools. This is a problem for radicalization prevention organizations around the world. It's very difficult to show beyond a shadow of a doubt that a program has led to a person disengaging. There are some good indicators that can point to this, but the agencies that do this work often have very limited resources and spend most of those resources on the programs themselves and spend far less on evaluation.
It is in this sense that more global support is needed.