I think we've seen exactly how far they can go. In the case of the United States and the 2016 presidential elections, we saw Russian efforts to destabilize that election that came very close to successfully doing so. We've seen, with regard to the invasion of Ukraine, the effectiveness of disinformation, certainly domestically in Russia, and Vladimir Putin's ability to seal off his entire nation from outside information and to repress and suppress the independent media within Russia.
This is a very inexpensive tool for these authoritarian regimes. Often, as in the case of the U.S. presidential elections, it costs a few million dollars. There's what's called a “bot farm” that they call the St. Petersburg troll farm. It's just outside St. Petersburg and employs several hundred people who engage in this sort of activity, and the impact of it is incredibly significant. I wouldn't expect Vladimir Putin or other hostile nations to let up on these efforts, because of their impact, and the cost is low, so we can only expect this to continue.
Certainly, in the context of Russian information warfare, we know that Vladimir Putin changed the constitution of his own country last summer, and that change will potentially allow him to remain in power until 2036 and perhaps beyond. Barring any sort of change in the regime in Russia, we will see this sort of activity going on for quite some time.