By larger, I'm presuming you mean more energetic or closer to the 10,000-joule limit. The hunting literature in general describes an ideal energy level for each kind of game animal. However, that's generally not regulated by law, at least not in Canada—other countries do that. In some ways, the provincial hunting regulations limit the energy by indirect means. They won't allow a cartridge, for example, with a bullet smaller than a certain diameter, which indirectly affects the energy level of the cartridge.
As the energy level increases, generally, the firearm becomes more suitable for hunting bigger game and less suitable for hunting smaller game. One reason is that the bullet that's too energetic may cause damage to the game animal and make it unsuitable for eating afterwards. Another relates to the personal comfort of the hunter. As the energy level goes up, so does the recoil, and while opinions vary, owners will have certain ideas of how much recoil they're prepared to accept when they're out hunting. Lastly, the more energetic a projectile is, the further it will travel in general and the more damage it will cause when it impacts. When you get into very high energy ranges, then the issue of the hunter being able to control where the bullet lands when they're out hunting becomes more problematic.