Thank you very much, Chair.
It's nice to see you in this role.
Thank you to our witnesses for joining us today. This is a fascinating study, and we're happy to have you both here.
IP commercialization in Canadian universities is often referred to as the “valley of death”, so I'm wondering if each of you could perhaps comment on where this great term came from. Why do we have such a tough time commercializing IP from our universities?
Professor Murphy, perhaps you want to go first, and then Dr. Ghali.