Thank you.
Thank you to both witnesses here today. I'm going to continue with Dr. Johnson.
First of all, thank you for all the work you've put in over the last years on this issue. It's an important one, obviously. As you say, it's the most important issue facing science and research in Canada and the federal government and, again as you say, there's been general surprise from all sorts of people and groups, including me, that this hasn't been dealt with quickly, because it would be an easy win. It's very low-hanging fruit.
I'm wondering if we can go back to the figure you mentioned. I think it was $740 million a year as a rough figure—and you've said that it may be more than a billion dollars per year—in lost investment. This is the amount of money we've put into educating our young researchers every year, and that is being lost as they leave the country, because other countries seem to recognize their value more than we do. I'm just wondering if you could comment on that and maybe expand on how that works.