Thank you. That's a superb question. There are lots of ways that we can think about this problem and I think we need to be very cautious at the outset that we don't try to argue that all research is specifically conducted in the public interest or that it is investigator-led research.
What that means is that some kinds of research are really targeted towards industry and innovation. There can be all kinds of opportunities along that road for that work to take on a proprietary air, and if so, that might be entirely appropriate.
In my own field, where what I'm thinking about, for example, is usually science in the public interest in some way or another, science thrives on reproducibility and open testing of ideas that are published. As a consequence, we like to see our work appear and be open for everybody to evaluate. That means open science is the way we'd like to go for that work.