Thank you so much.
For the plastic being collected and sorted out very well, there are three general techniques being used by different countries right now.
One of the easiest ones is mechanical recycling. We can have it in any small city across Canada. It can generate fills and jobs. We can simply convert some of the plastic waste being generated in each city to some value-added product. Sometimes we can improve the physical properties of plastics. You can imagine that plastic waste, such as drinking-water bottles, could be easily converted to an electrical conducting material that can, for instance, absorb electromagnetic waves. That's how we go from low-value products to value-added products.
The second approach.... When mechanical recycling—which is the easiest one—is not possible, countries have started to move towards chemical recycling. The capital investment in infrastructure is higher, but the materials we can get from chemical recycling are value-added products. We can generate some chemicals from the plastic waste that can find their market.
If the previous two are not possible, there is a third one. Some of the plastics are challenging, so some European countries have started to work on energy recovery. We know most of the plastic waste is being made from petroleum-based material. It has a high number of calories, so it has a lot of energy. Some countries have started to burn this material to generate energy, and from that energy they generate electricity or power. The challenge is that we might generate some toxic gases. We need to have very good filtration systems, so high technology is required over there. Some countries, such as Germany, are front-runners in this area.