Yes. There is what we call involuntary retirement, or forced retirement, and 25% of Canadians are basically forced into retirement, for a variety of reasons.
Poor health is the largest reason. Caregiving is the third reason. With caregiving, like health, there's not much you can do about it. Somebody has to pick up the pieces. The research has clearly shown in Great Britain and the United States, using longitudinal data, that eight years after the caregiving was over, 27% of older women were in poverty, way below the poverty line.
These women had no choice. Stop and think for five minutes: you've lost a spouse, your skills are rusty, you're older, you have to go back into the labour force, and you are going to be discriminated against because you're an older woman. I'm sure you'll agree with me. And there's no question, you're not going to make the wages that your male colleague is. So it's not always choice. Many times there is no choice—trust me. We have too many poor women.