Yes, I think there are some best practices and some sites that are particularly useful. Certainly some campaigns have been started by young women to push back against this. One thing we see through social media is that it becomes a snapshot to see the kinds of responses they encounter when they do stand up and say, “Hey, there's something wrong with this.”
Certainly what we see in our research is a rise in slut-shaming; that is, if a woman or young girl does stand up and say something, then she's attacked basically on the grounds that she's a woman. There's the recent thing at the University of Ottawa just over the last few days, where the female president of the student body was attacked, and was basically threatened with rape, in a conversation among her peers on the student government.
That's misogyny at work. I mean, she's being attacked because she's a women, and we know how to attack women: we attack them by threatening to assault them, by threatening to rape them, and by calling them fat and ugly.
Interestingly enough, again, the eGirls Project expected to find a multiplicity of voices and a space for a diversity of views. We're finding that the media, as it's developing, is actually shutting down those spaces in really interesting ways. I think it's happening because the impact of the mainstream message is just becoming more powerful. We look for conformity to a norm, and we're putting more pressure on young people to conform to norms of behaviour, body size, and those types of things.
So it's kind of paradoxical.