That's a very interesting question.
We know that young men at a very early age can develop attitudes that mean they regard women in a more sexually objectified way and are maybe not so concerned about developing healthy and egalitarian relationships with women. We know that many young men do, from a very early age, have media smarts—we have specific data on this—and do engage in using online pornography, starting as young as age 11. Some of them may have had a certain number of views. I believe it's close to 50% who may use online pornography two or three times a week, and that might be increasing as they get older.
We don't know that there is a direct connection. I do not believe that a direct connection between the use of online pornography and unhealthy relationships has been made. However, there are certain indications that the ways in which young men see objectification of women from a very early age could create those attitudes that then become pervasive, as we see in media.
However, to be honest, it's not just pornography. I would posit that you see similar attitudes about women in music videos. You see it in online video games. You see it in very many movies. The types of media images that young men see do tend to objectify women, and they're the same media images that young women are seeing, so it's not wholly the education of young men that we're concerned about here: it's also that young women are beginning to see themselves as sexual objects and therefore will play that out in their relationships.
There's a question as to whether young women are even able, at the very beginning of their activities, particularly their sexual activities, to think about what pleases them, or whether they are more concerned about what will please their partner. That's something that is brought up in some of the healthy relationship programs we support. Healthy sexuality is part of that, and that includes things like talking about sexual pleasure, talking about being positive in the ways that you look at sex and that intimate part of a relationship.