I don't want to sound completely theoretical and so abstract as to be vague, but people have only lived in settlements for two generations. There was the imposition of foreign systems of education and religion. We could call it patriarchy, colonization. We can describe it many ways. All of these things were imposed. Traditional ways of justice were displaced and devalued. That is the big picture to look at.
In terms of policy recommendations, I think we're already off to a good start looking at the TRC “Calls to Action” and the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples. We have a lot of direction, a lot of recommendations. What we haven't had is the political will to get serious about it.
I wish I could give you discrete responses and solutions and policy recommendations. I can't.