That's a great question. Thank you.
From my perspective, it's interesting because I catch up with youth in their first year of university. I think I get a sense, then, of that lack of digital literacy. They can Snapchat the heck out of the world, but they are struggling to understand how some of the pieces make that technology happen.
For teachers, perhaps, in those years prior to their students bursting out onto the world, I think we need to make a concerted effort. One recommendation is, organize appropriate training for teachers. I even think that teachers who feel that they have a facility with technology maybe should be marked out as champions within their schools or within their program to help be leaders and to encourage their colleagues. People fear technology and, in most studies, women more so than men. I think there has to be a very safe and encouraging environment to consider what kind of participation can happen.
I think we need to tackle not just the surface level of software applications, the how do we use this.... We've come full circle now with the Internet and now it's time to come back and say, “Hang on a second.” These simple user interfaces are masking a very complex ecosystem of software, and we can't escape trying to make an effort to understand and then to share that understanding with youth and among ourselves in pulling each other into the 21st century. I think it absolutely has to happen before students reach the upper level of their school training, in high school and whatnot. I think that in some ways it's never too early, given where you see young people and kids with cellphones.