First of all, I just wanted to inform the committee—I know most of you already know—that the official launch of the all-party parliamentary women's caucus will be today at 3:30 in room 356-S, which is on the Senate side on the third floor. I hope that all of you will be there.
I have a couple of questions.
Mr. Adema, I see that on page 5 of your slides you talk about the unexplained wage gap. I know that some have said, “Well, this is an unexplained gap, because it's based on people's personal choices.” However, what I heard you say is that there's an element of discrimination there, and also that sometimes because women are working shorter hours, bonus payments, promotions, and things like that might be less accessible to women.
I also noticed, Ms. Dugal, that you mentioned unconscious bias. I'm wondering if you could delve into that unexplained wage gap a little in terms of the unconscious bias, or discrimination, or socio-economic factors that might make up part of that unexplained gap.
Maybe we'll start with Mr. Adema.