Certainly that is what the evidence shows, the reality, especially in the women's prisons.
It's really wonderful to hear about these opportunities around Habitat for Humanity and work release and that sort of thing, but I was just at Fraser Valley Institution twice in the last month and a half, which is the women's federal prison here. In the minimum house, the women do not have access to work release—virtually none of them. It's available on paper, but not actually happening.
To your question, yes, if you have a majority of indigenous women being warehoused in maximum security prisons where they're in these segregated units within the institution, which is what is happening—and it's not all that's happening, there are certainly good programs here and there—as you know, there is just no meaningful opportunity for intervention: trauma counselling, vocational training, education. There is some of that, again, but not nearly enough, so it's actually counterproductive to their reintegration.
What I was getting at at the end of my remarks is that because indigenous women are assessed with so many needs and so many deficits and so many things that they need to address, their correctional plan has this long list of things that they're not actually able to address. Their parole has to be delayed, they waive it in alarming numbers, they even waive the women's opportunity to go for parole because they're simply not getting that in the institution.
If we were to spend even some significant amount of those dollars in more community release options, more work release, more of that, we would have much better results, I think.