I think the Quebec model should be measured against the standards of universal child care advocates and activists. They have goals such as quality and universality. We've used the word “universal”, but only 30% of children in Quebec have access to those spaces. Economist Pierre Fortin has said that there's a two-tier system there and that quality spaces are not accessible. Again, after 20 years, one would assume that this kind of thing could be ironed out if it were possible.
The model that we're looking to emulate in Canada is neither universal nor quality, according to peer-reviewed research. The quality question is not up for debate. It's something that advocates for such a system speak about at their conferences, and they discuss how to improve it, finally, for children.