Sure.
I think that in the absence of a much broader understanding, when you're relying on a system that is incident-driven, there's a lot of room for.... For example, when we look at the criminal justice system as the response to intimate partner violence or gender-based violence, there's been a lot of unintended consequences from doing that. When officers aren't able or aren't trained to identify a primary perpetrator, our mandatory charging laws result too often in women being charged with defensive use of force.
One of the really interesting studies that has just come out is around women who have been charged with what they describe as defensive use of force saying they would never call the police again. These are women who are living in very precarious and dangerous situations. Loss of trust in the police service, for those women, puts them at a far greater risk.
This is the same and probably even much more complicated than primary perpetration for police to assess on scene. As I was saying, we're training people in the family courts to be able to assess in an environment where they have a lot more access to information from multiple sources over a long period of time. We're struggling to move the dial on their understanding of coercive control.