Let me start with that, since there are a number of short lines in our membership.
I want to assure you that we asked ourselves all of those same questions after that terrible accident. That's one of the reasons we have instituted a new measure where we will require a commitment to safety culture as part of membership in the Railway Association of Canada.
I also should mention that for safety management systems, exactly the same rules apply for short lines as for mainline operations. In fact, and my colleagues can jump in in a minute, where they operate on CN or CP track, then they also have to follow the standard that those railways have. Typically a short line is operating over a much shorter distance, and they're operating at much lower speeds. Typically they have very experienced personnel with very low turnover. They must audit their own safety management systems. Transport Canada has developed guidelines for them in developing SMS, and employees have to be part of their SMS development.
One of the things that we did following Lac-Mégantic is that I asked our dangerous goods team to visit with every single one of our short-line members to talk to them about the lessons from Lac-Mégantic. Two of my staff were on the ground at Lac-Mégantic, helping firefighters, because they are experienced dangerous goods operators. They were there for 15 days straight providing their expertise to the personnel on the ground. They then went out to every single one of our short-line members and had discussions with them about what they learned, and re-emphasized the requirements under the act as part of their safety management systems.
I feel very confident that the short-line members in our association are absolutely committed to safety and they understand the rules, and that we're providing every support that we can to them.