I want to point out that in the time that extended interswitching was in effect, from 2014 to 2017, the railways earned record profits and were able to provide extensive capital infusion to their infrastructure. In other words, there was no hit whatsoever. In my opinion, the idea that cost-based provisions or regulatory intervention is somehow damaging to the railway's ability to make money and to invest in infrastructure is a false claim.
On September 12th, 2017. See this statement in context.