In terms of non-compliance with ArriveCAN and the potential monetary penalties that could be imposed on individuals, I want to point our that our officers at the airports as well as land borders try to bring people into compliance rather than writing a ticket as a first measure. We're playing a much more facilitative role. A ticket is not the first option that is exercised by our officers to bring compliance with the ArriveCAN app.
Since the inception or since ArriveCAN was made mandatory for both land and air—I think it was in 2020 for air and 2021 for land—there have been only 190 tickets with respect to ArriveCAN non-compliance. In those cases—and they're very limited cases when you consider the overall number of travellers coming into our country—those individuals are repeat offenders or simply will not comply with giving us a paper submission, which we offer when they are referred over to PHAC, or they just don't want to comply with the public health measures.
I want to underscore that the number of tickets that have been issued for ArriveCAN non-compliance is extremely low, because our officers play a very facilitative role. Generally, they are very successful in bringing people back into compliance with the law.