If I may rephrase, is there an objective testing modality? Is there an imaging modality? Is there some sort of test we can give to veterans to determine whether they may be suffering these chronic effects?
Unfortunately, the answer is no. There is no imaging modality yet that I am aware of that can reliably, validly, distinguish between people who are affected from those who aren't.
I do feel—and perhaps the others will add to this—that there are some imaging modalities that may hold promise in conjunction with some other tests. But for the moment, the diagnosis, if you will—and we should recognize there is yet no accepted medical diagnosis of mefloquine toxicity syndrome. Perhaps one day there will be. The identification of someone who may be suffering from these effects is mostly clinical. It's based on history, when the symptoms developed, and the combination of signs and symptoms they have.