Veterans Affairs Committee on Oct. 27th, 2016

[The Chair, Liberal, Neil Ellis]

Good afternoon, everybody. We're going to call the meeting to order.

Pursuant to Standing Order 108(2), which is the motion adopted on September 29, the committee resumes its study on mental health and suicide prevention among veterans.

We welcome our witnesses today: Mr. Claude Lalancette, Mr. Dave Bona, Mr. Brandon Kett, and Mr. John Dowe. Thank you for coming.

As you may know, the witnesses are given an opportunity to have a 10-minute presentation and make some opening statements. Then we will proceed, following that, with some questions and answers. We'll go through a rotation for that to happen.

We'll start with Mr. Lalancette. You have 10 minutes, sir.

[Claude Lalancette, Veteran, As an Individual]

First, I would like to read a statement from Dr. Nevin. He's sending his apologies. He'd like to correct a statement that he made on Tuesday, and I think it's very important that I put this out, since he asked me.

[The Chair, Liberal, Neil Ellis]

Certainly.

[Claude Lalancette]

Could I have five minutes just to read this email?

[The Chair, Liberal, Neil Ellis]

Does the committee feel comfortable with that?

[Colin Fraser, Liberal, West Nova, NS]

As long as it's submitted.

[The Chair, Liberal, Neil Ellis]

Right. You could submit it. We'll give you five minutes to do that.

[Claude Lalancette]

We'll submit it also. It will be submitted by Dr. Nevin.

He's asking me to apologize to this committee. He unintentionally misinformed the committee on Tuesday. He advised the committee that there was no recent update on the Canadian mefloquine product monograph. Dr. Nevin has advised me that he's pleased to have learned this morning that there is an update, it's from August 4, 2016. and there's knowledge on this. The changes are that:

mefloquine can cause serious mental problems in some people. The serious side effects may occur suddenly, and they may last months to years after stopping mefloquine. Symptoms of serious mental problems may include anxiety, unreasonable feeling that people are trying to harm you

I'm sorry, but it's hitting home. It continues with:

paranoia, depression, seeing and hearing things, hallucinations, thoughts of suicide or harming yourself or someone else, feeling restless, feeling confused, and unusual behaviours.

This is something that Dr. Nevin wants to say: “If this is true, then the statement that Mr. Hehr is saying that it is not long-term and is not harmful is completely untrue.”

There you go.

[The Chair, Liberal, Neil Ellis]

You said you were going to present that to us or give us a written copy of that.

[Claude Lalancette]

Dr. Nevin will be writing in to you.

[The Chair, Liberal, Neil Ellis]

Thank you very much. I appreciate that. Mr. Lalancette, we'll give you 10 minutes at this time. Thank you.

[Claude Lalancette]

I want to apologize. I have concentration issues. I've been working hard on this. I've been trying to put it into 10 minutes. Due to my lack of concentration, I may be delayed, so please bear with me.

Hello and good day to everyone. My name is Claude Lalancette. I am a Canadian veteran paratrooper. I proudly served my country for over 10 years. I'm a member of the Royal 22nd Regiment and proudly served with the Canadian Airborne Regiment.

On December 26, 1992, I was ordered by my government to deploy to Somalia for ops deliverance. Mefloquine was issued as an anti-malarial drug. This is where I can retrace the root of my mental health issues; I say issues because they are still unresolved.

Now that I look back on theatre, nightmares invaded the nights that we could sleep. We all know that in theatre it's 24/7. When we're not patrolling, we're on base doing guard duty. Our nights were split and the pattern was different and it was really hard to get a night's rest.

As I recall, we were allowed two beers, and this is where I recall having more horrifying nightmares. To keep my composure, I will restrain the details. Looking back and thinking of mefloquine, things make sense. We were young and so well trained for this mission, but the intensity of our aggression and psychosis led to the closure of Canada's elite, the Canadian Airborne Regiment.

To this day, I feel the shame of the closure, all the blame and shame landed on Canada's elite. Most of all, I feel shame because I put blame for the closure of the regiment on two individuals who are innocent: Clayton Matchee and Kyle Brown are victims.

As I glimpse more into my past, I see my military career collapse. I went from 1 Commando to the pathfinder platoon. When they disbanded the regiment, I was posted to Para Company in Valcartier. There, my career hit rock bottom. I was cast out by the Royal 22nd Regiment, due to my implication in the March 4 incident of the Somalia Inquiry. I was excluded from participating in a UN mission in Haiti. My career was threatened, and I was told if I talked too much many careers would be at stake, especially mine. The threat was not needed, due to my strong loyalty to my brothers.

I was finally released in 2001. After the military, I tried to study, tried to put my feet back on the ground, and had a really hard time. I studied computer science, and every day was a struggle, due to my lack of concentration, but I needed to persist for my family.

I started having issues with depression and so on, and in 2007, I was diagnosed with PTSD. At first, I didn't know what was happening to me. I was depressed, irritable, aggressive, hypervigilant. I had a sleep disorder and was suicidal. I went to the doctor about my issues because I was losing it. My nightmares were haunting me. My aggression was making me a very dangerous man. I knew something was wrong, and I had to do something about it. The clock in my head was ticking.

My first contact with mental health professionals led me to contact Veterans Affairs. It was too much for the civilian committee, so they directed me to more specialized care, which is VAC. When I contacted VAC, they also told me it was urgent I go to Ste. Anne's Hospital.

I showed up the next day. There, I saw a social worker and a nurse, and I sat down to speak to a Dr. Belanger, a psychiatrist. The doctor vaguely explained my situation and asked me to be admitted immediately. I was so shocked and anxious that it created panic. I refused and left the hospital.

It was while I was stewing everything in my head while stuck in traffic on my way home that I had my first psychosis. I was in traffic trying to digest everything when a semi began following me too closely. The overwhelming urge to react was too strong. My temper shot through the roof. I pounced out of my car and headed to the truck. Without hesitating, I opened the door of the truck and literally pulled the driver out of the vehicle, even though he was wearing his seat belt. Once the man was out of the truck, I proceeded to strike him, and then I came to.

It was surreal. I couldn't believe what I was doing. I was in the middle of a highway, with about 1,000 cars behind me that were watching me attack this poor man. I dropped everything, ran back to my car, and fled. Once I was home, I called the hospital to make arrangements to be admitted the next day. I knew I needed help, and I had to go get it.

Since this incident, I have had two other road rage psychoses. I have prohibited myself from driving due to these incidents. Since I gave myself to VAC for treatment, I have under gone three intern therapies at the Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue hospital. There, I was heavily sedated with antipsychotics and antidepressants.

After my first admission to the hospital, I went 18 months without seeing my doctor. She renewed my prescriptions via fax, without sitting with me. I underwent five years of therapy with the hospital. I was taking so much medication that it had affected my health. Diabetes settled in, as well as digestive problems, and my weight was a whopping 127.7 kilograms. Even though my medication was maxed out, I contemplated, three times, with a rope around my neck, committing suicide. Only the thought of my children kept me alive. But today, where are my boys?

During this time, my mental health was not getting better. They would boost my meds to a point of stabilization, but I wouldn't stay stable. I would fight my meds. Sleep disorder became more of a problem. Even though I was heavily medicated, I just couldn't get there. To top it off, I was self-medicating with cannabis to help fight my amplifying symptoms. I couldn't understand why I wasn't getting better.

At least, I had relief with cannabis. It controlled my symptoms very well, and it gave me the peace I needed. I was very aggressive at home, where my family walked on eggshells. My hypervigilance created a bunker affect. I had severe social issues; I was very dangerous. All the medication intake took away my manhood. I couldn't understand why I wasn't getting better.

Living like this destroyed my life. I had a 20-year marriage, but not anymore. I had loving family, but not anymore. I had a loving home, but not anymore. I had a life, but not anymore.

My family are my victims. PTSD has settled into their lives. I live in poverty due to attacks from the Canada Revenue Agency. I also have mismanagement issues by making bad decisions due to my symptoms.

Due to my mental state, I have been making bad decisions, which digs me deeper into debt. I was not running around town on cocaine and running amok. I was a husband, okay? I was a father of two, trying to better my situation. I was given a lump sum and a year later, after buying my home, I was attacked by the Canada Revenue Agency. I'm going to skip this part. This, I think, we should be...

[An hon. member]

Can you submit it for us?

[Claude Lalancette]

Yes, it will be submitted, the full length. I did submit it. Just to save time, I will move on.

I escaped the country in 2012 because I was dying in the hands of my government. I left to heal myself. I was dying. I lost my family, my home, my health, my honour, living off the system of VAC that shamed me. I felt as if I was a burden and I completely disconnected. I moved to the south where I could heal. The sunlight healed my depression. The food was natural, with no GMOs, it healed my diabetes. The way of life that slowed down, slowed my aggression and my depression and so on.

This was disrupted due to the attacks of the Canada Revenue Agency through my SISIP lump sum. I owed taxes and so on. It's all in here. I came back in March, ordered by VAC to verify my file, and also to get my TPI because I tried to do it while I was down south and it was a shambles, so I had to come back and restart everything. I'm still waiting, and it has been two years. Jesus...

As a matter of fact, ever since I called and asked about mefloquine, which I had never heard about before. It's only five months ago that I found out on the Internet.... The VAC office in Mississauga has been denying me my benefits. They took away my clinical care manager who was getting me back on my feet. He got me my health card. He got me the apartment I was in, because I was homeless since March. I just got into my apartment in January. He was in the process of handling my financial issues, and he kind of disappeared. The Mississauga office was very aggressive in telling me that we had to disengage, and now I'm on the verge of losing it all again.

I think this is very important. I had an issue when I had an overload... When I found this out...24/7, I was five days without sleeping, just intaking information through social media. I had an overload and I had, not a psychosis but a crisis. I called VAC and the help they gave me was a 1-800 number, a crisis number.

I called that number. I explained my situation. That young lady had a tremble in her voice. She couldn't help me. She didn't know what to do. Actually, that lady needed a 1-800 number for a crisis.

I called the VAC again. The VAC said, “Sir, call the emergency”.

I called for assistance. I just asked for an ambulance to come. Two police officers came and made a scene. The ambulance took me to the emergency, where, after talking about my symptoms, they locked me up. They took away my meds. I was put on suicide watch for 14 hours, with my medication denied to me.

There's a stigma around my medication. I have a complaint against the human rights commission in Quebec, because I was falsely arrested with all my permits and everything else paid by VAC. I was arrested. So, there is a stigma for my medication.

They took away my meds. After 14 hours, they didn't want to give me my meds, so I asked to leave, and they put me on the street. I spent the next 10 days at home, stewing in my own hell.

I had to get back on my feet. I had an objective. I've been working hard to heal, and I'm heading toward that now.

I have run into issues everywhere I go. My family doctor and psychologist are clueless. It's not their fault. I can't blame them. The medical system accepted this stuff. Nobody knows about it. If I go to the pharmacy...I went to Shoppers Drug Mart recently. I got a printout of what mefloquine is, and you have 1% incidence down the line. It's not a 1% incident. I was there.

I'm pleading with each member of Parliament to look into this because it is not only a veterans issue, it's a national health issue.

I am speaking for myself at this committee, as a veteran paratrooper, but I am one of many drops filling this bucket of agony.

Many service members have taken this anti-malarial drug during deployment. This is not counting the civilian impact, Peace Corps, UN workers, aide workers, students, professionals, and travellers. These are some of the people affected by this anti-malarial drug, mefloquine.

I am asking the Canadian government to have a moral and legal obligation toward its citizens, to the sons and daughters defending this country, to all veterans who have served with honour. An immediate outreach must be initiated and the community must be made aware. Canada is far, far, far behind with this situation on the international stage.

Suicide is on the rise, and this is the answer. Canada can redeem itself with an exemplary outreach for its citizens, and show the international stage that Canada can take lead.

We need help. Isn't this worth looking into? This is a national health issue.

Thank you for your time.

Airborne.

[The Chair, Liberal, Neil Ellis]

Thank you, Claude.

Mr. Dowe.

[John Dowe, Advocate, International Mefloquine Veterans’ Alliance]

Thank you to the Standing Committee on Veterans Affairs for inviting me here to speak today. I personally salute the Honourable Minister Kent Hehr and the standing committee for getting this series of meetings under way. I am very grateful.

My name is John Dowe, and I am an eyewitness to the psychosis, rage, and hallucinations presented by Master Corporal Clayton Matchee in the bunker that fateful night in Somalia. I am free to describe, in full, this experience during questions to individuals and after my oral testimony.

I am also one of the founding members of the International Mefloquine Veterans' Alliance. I was instrumental to the creation of this group and curated the Canadian component. I also run the social media accounts here.

In collaboration with key advocates at home and abroad, we network via this main contact point. Our website, current social media campaigns, and our testimony to parliamentary committees, ensure mefloquine veterans get the information they are lacking today, as no outreach exists. Efforts include informing our health and military leaders of both the prodromal acute effects and the myriad permanent effects produced by this suicide drug, as current labels are dangerously out of date. Scratch that: we just found out about one in August, so we'll see on that one.

As a consequence, in the absence of national action to identify and alarm soldiers and consumers of the latest knowledge about mefloquine, we are left to remember psychosis, murder, violence, and suicide. Accordingly, we'll highlight the ethical and moral shame in those who willingly delay or deny future positive discourse to amend our current malaria policy. Dialogue and visible support shown by our international allies in both the parliaments and the courts abroad spotlight any forward disregard that Canada may have here.

My journey to get here today began in the fall of 2014, after a shocking phone call with Kyle Brown, and a baton pass, of sorts, by Hervey Blois. After speaking with him on the phone, he had determined that handing me over the file that he had created over these couple of years was probably in the best interests of the cause and the issues that we face today. I took the baton and I ran with it, and here we are.

A group member from Somalia who also worked with Dr. Armstrong, Hervey Blois was a physician's assistant and was there on the night that Shidane Arone had been pronounced dead. Now, Kris Sims, a former Atlantic bureau chief for Sun News Network, but, soon after, Erin O'Toole's director of communications, produced my long camera interview about this in early 2015. More on this in questions to witnesses later.

Here's the state of play globally on mefloquine policy. The U.S. military sits at a 1% dispensation rate. The Food and Drug Administration has had its black box warning as of 2013, and the drug has steadily fallen out of favour with the civilian consumer.

In the United Kingdom, the defence select committee has provided support, and the Ministry of Defence has begun to visibly act. They have all but ended the preference of use. We have just recently seen Lord Dannatt, former chief of general staff, offer his unreserved apology and support to treat the mefloquine veterans of their ailments with an abundance of care and an abundance of concern.

The Australian Senate has heard and considered this issue, and continuous efforts are under way at the Australian Defence Force and the Returned Services League to implement outreach and impose action. Very importantly, their peak veterans organization, ADSO, the Australian defence services organization, which is an umbrella group for their Returned Services League and other groups that provide services to veterans, has wholeheartedly endorsed our recommendations and our call for action. Lieutenant General Caligari, former CO of 2RAR, in Australia, has stated his country's duty of care on this. He reminded Australia of the involuntary nature military members face in the storm of these trials and demanded that the covenant between soldier and country be given to these mefloquine victims.

In Ireland, Roche has pulled out of the market.

Ms. Wagantall, I put a note here for you on Apotex. I noticed your question in Parliament about the generics of Apotex and such and I can expand on that after this statement to just add a little more filler on that component of this.

But the Irish ministers at present are struggling for the truth, and MP Clare Daly is indeed fighting in that Irish Parliament to get proper compliance there.

Here in Canada our military dispenses this suicide drug at five times the rate of the United States, and our public health labels for consumers are incomplete and out of date. Again, we'll follow up on that as per Dr. Nevin's announcement.

For our veterans, in support here in Canada I've heard from Brad White and Craig Hood of the Royal Canadian Legion. They have endorsed and supported further investigation on the impact that Canadians are facing from this drug today.

My request is for Canada to agree and adopt a gradual de-prescription to mirror our U.S. counterparts' and get ourselves down to that 1% rate.

Concerning expectations and outcomes, in order for best practice in a malaria policy, and to reflect the intent of this committee to improve upon the mental health and suicide issues we face today, the International Mefloquine Veterans’ Alliance expects that this committee will advise Health Canada, the Department of National Defence, and Veterans Affairs to combine efforts and begin a public health update and outreach to all users dispensed this drug in the military, and a public update for consumers to refer to their general practitioners because updated information for general practitioners and for consumers is key here so that they can increase their threshold knowledge of this drug and its various side effect profiles.

We understand that a directive from Health Canada, namely CATMAT, the committee to advise on tropical medicine and travel, will be required for Health Canada to remove the bar keeping the door closed for a change in policy here. Our civilian advocates are here today as well, Bev Skwernuik and Jessica Konecny. They will be handling the civilian component with that and pushing forward as we move along to Health Canada to ensure that we have more information that properly reflects our international guidelines.

Bev and Jessica, whom I have just mentioned, have worked tirelessly to canvas and review the various political information from pharmacies and travel clinics at present and they both know first-hand, as users affected by this drug, of the confusion resulting from the lack of current information and the warnings not being uniformly disseminated. Even from franchises such as Rexall and Shoppers, you're going to get disparate information from pharmacy to pharmacy as there is no uniform status here of the information provided to the consumers, and it's from province to province.

This lack of consumer protection prevents true informed consent and Health Canada must demand CATMAT review and amend their tired and dangerous directives on mefloquine.

In closing, true causal factors on various tours, which led to horrific events, require a desperate review. That in itself, the fact that we have not had this new review based on the new information, is antithetical to our Canadian social values, notwithstanding the disgrace of denying many civilians, service members, and veterans from receiving the proper diagnosis of an acquired brain injury, or ABI, through mefloquine intoxication.

These true causal factors that I mentioned, which led to these horrific events—and I've just elucidated those to you—when it comes to providing the suicide drug according to product guidelines, this sordid history of mefloquine in military applications on compliance is like bad plumbing, it just gets worse at every turn.

For actual disclosure, citizens like Marj and the whole Matchee family, forced to endure the opprobrium of an entire nation, deserve today's truth.

Kyle Brown, who is still wandering through life in a desert of misunderstanding and despair, deserves truth. Hervey Blois, the medic who fought his chronic health issues and kept the early work of MP John Cummins on the front burner today, deserves some honesty. Colonel Kenward, the last commander of the Canadian Airborne Regiment, still in the fray for trying to correct this travesty of military history, deserves no less than the truth. Brent Ashton, nephew of General Barry Ashton, who saved lives during his heroic actions at an ambush in Mogadishu, confided to me repeatedly about his mefloquine troubles and his continued struggles to maintain a reasonable life today.

This is true for Christian McEachern, who careened his vehicle into the headquarters building in Alberta in frustration over poor PTSD treatment. He also declared, “My problems began after taking mefloquine in Uganda.”

There's Val Santiesteban, mother of Scott Smith, who was denied the truth of her son's suicide in Rwanda.

How about Sonia Scalzo, wife of another psychotic soldier? She was denied due process six times by our DND ombudsman and that's a matter of public record. The only truth she gets these days is that there's still fresh blood in all her cuts.

There's more, but you get the drift.

In my connections made over the last couple of years, I have also accumulated horrific anecdotes from active service members, such as engineer John Buckle. His user experience on tour and his frustration in highlighting the drug's impact on his health to current Canadian Forces medical staff is the standard all soldiers face today with the mefloquine toxidrome.

There are many more, but I can't name them all now. I'm running out of time and I'll probably forget a few, but the dam is broken.

These brave men and women continue to suffer in confusion and silence, misdiagnosed and mistreated, and denied the services they need, for which they pay premiums and have coverage. PTSD plus pills plus mefloquine equals death.

In closing, we now understand how so many civilians, such as Bev Skwernuik and Jessica Konecny, were affected by the absence and destruction of the reports from the unethical commercial drug trial in Africa. During operations, that sham trial and the knee-jerk rush to kibosh the airborne for life in the ensuing debacle helped the subterfuge to fast-track this drug licence and expose unwitting consumers to uninformed consent en masse. Our citizens deserve better.

Also, the ongoing denial of veterans from receiving more appropriate treatment contributes directly to the prevalence of poor mental health rates and suicide attempts and completions demonstrated in our military and veteran populations today. Canada can do better.

When we go through the questions later on, I can go through my eyewitness account in the bunker on that evening with Clayton Matchee.

Thank you very much for your time.

[The Chair, Liberal, Neil Ellis]

Thank you.

Go ahead, Mr. Bona.

[Dave Bona, Veteran, As an Individual]

Good afternoon, members of the committee.

My name is David Bona. I'm a veteran who served my country for 14 years. I served in the North Saskatchewan Regiment, the Royal Canadian Regiment, and the Canadian Airborne Regiment. I've been operationally deployed to Cyprus, Saudi Arabia for the first Gulf War, Somalia, and Rwanda.

I've been diagnosed with both PTSD from our operational deployments and an acquired brain injury from mefloquine that I was given while in Somalia and Rwanda. My career ended due to the poor coping mechanisms I developed to deal with the debilitating effects of both the PTSD and the acquired brain injury from mefloquine.

I was court-martialled and released from the forces with a 5(f) release. That's not the nice release, by the way.

I went into the army a private and I left the army a private after 14 years.

I would like to read a letter written by my wife Teresa.

Dave and I have been together for 14 years. I've watched him work so hard and struggle so hard to find some semblance of peace in his mind, to attempt to moderate his mood swings, the anger, the rage. It took me a few years to be able to see them coming, to know when to expect them, then a few more years to truly understand that they weren't caused by me, that I couldn't prevent any of them no matter what I did or didn't do. As well, following the incidents of his rage and anger, of losing it, would be the depression and the guilt, and this is just as awful. The helpless of “Why can't I get...? Is this all I have to look forward to for the rest of my life? Is this all?” Then, inevitably, the final question, the one that some would say breaks my heart and makes me angry: “Why are you with me?” The emotional toll on me, on our 11-year-old twins, and our older and now adult children, watch them grow up hypervigilant to Dave's mood swings, the day's long fallout after. Within this all were also times of complete insanity, almost as though a different person had been plucked down into our lives. Furious with his circumstance, Dave would accuse me of impossible things, create an alternative reality with details that were exaggerated or didn't exist to begin with. When I look into his eyes during these situations, and they still occur, it's as though the Dave I know and love has ceased to exist. His colour is off. His eyes are darker and look so mean, without humanity. It is truly very frightening to experience. But the real question is, why wasn't he getting better? He was eating healthy, exercising. He had regular bi-monthly and sometimes weekly psychology sessions with one of the best psychologists in her field for treating PTSD. He spent a month in Ontario at Bellwood for in-house treatment of PTSD. He followed all the protocols for treatment of PTSD—17 years of treatment, 17 years of working so hard every day. Then came a stroke of brilliance—a breakthrough. Three years ago, Dave's psychologist changed his treatment plan to include the protocol of someone with a traumatic brain injury, a new therapy, one that retrains the brain around injured areas utilizing a type of electronically monitored neurofeedback. Results didn't happen overnight, and there were times that things seemed to get worse, but it finally settled in. The time span between rages lengthened, his ability to settle down eventually quickened from a week, to a few days, and eventually a few hours. I'm not a specialist, it is out of my scope to differentiate PTSD and damage done to Dave's brain from mefloquine toxicity, but in my heart, and from close personal observation, as well as testament from his family members as to his personality before he took mefloquine, I believe that all of his moments of insanity are because of the mefloquine. I also believe that the high level of PTSD that he still suffers from is also because of the toxic effects of mefloquine. But I am as hopeful as I am angry. It is overdue for this to be recognized for what it is, not just lumped in the catch-all of what the diagnosis for PTSD has become. These past three years for us are more manageable. It's not perfect but we have hope where we didn't before, all because of a different treatment protocol for Dave. The shame that is placed on these soldiers and veterans for the past 25 years is lifting for some of them, because it's not just PTSD that they are burdened with. Their brains are damaged from the drug that was issued to them.

I'm just going to quickly cover a few excerpts from an experience letter that I posted on the International Mefloquine Veterans' Alliance website. I'm just going to cover one page, to illustrate where the problems started:

The first day I took mefloquine for Somalia, in 1992, I almost immediately felt sick. I had my first seizure that night. My vision would go black and I would see stars, I would feel disoriented and dizzy after. This would happen initially only on mefloquine days, eventually they would occur randomly the rest of the time—lying down, standing in line at super market, sitting at the supper table. The frequency of these seizures was inconsistent, one or two per week, or one or four per month. [After the first seizure] I went in the next morning to [the unit medical station to discuss this with the medics], but overheard a discussion going on about those not taking mefloquine will not be deployed. So, I turned around and walked out. I have continued to have these mini seizures since. The last one was about three years ago. Not sleeping was a constant companion. I thought it was the heat, but in retrospect, it probably was the mefloquine. The ringing in my ears started after a few weeks of taking mefloquine. The ringing would randomly start and stop. Sometimes happening concurrently with the seizures or while driving, laying down or standing in a line at supermarket. I could feel myself changing. My brain becoming more muddled and anger starting to creep in. Throughout the tour of Somalia, the paranoia and anxiety was building. It sucked running convoys out of Mogadishu, I started to stash beer in the grizzly to help with sleeping. The dreams, interesting nights.... The dreams I suffered from were quite horrific. They involved the violent death by my hand of my loved ones and my section members. They were just like they were happening. I would wake up. I stopped sleeping. The day I took the pill, from then on, early in the tour, I didn't sleep, and that continued all the way through to Rwanda.

I'm going to skip ahead. I'll be submitting my experience story to the committee. What I'd like to illustrate now is the interconnectedness between the PTSD and the mefloquine toxicity.

Rwanda—Trauma, trauma, trauma. Again, the first day I took the mefloquine pill, I had a seizure, felt sick and did not bother sleeping—I just drank coffee that night. The sleep issues continued and I started to have serious drinking issues. I just seemed to have lost my ability to drink alcohol.... Throughout deployment, there were daily trauma incidents, two, three, four or more some days. Not sure what to say about that. It sucked. To this day I am haunted by blown up little black kids. ...I did not sleep for first two weeks in Rwanda. I used to do sentry all night and then volunteer the next morning to drive the MLVW to Kigali....

After I came back from Kigali I would unload the truck, turn it in and there would be enough time to go back on sentry. This would happen two weeks at a time, I just could not sleep. Every time I closed my eyes, all I would see was the image of dogs walking off carrying dead babies, and friends shot and blown up. The only thing that I could control that with, while I was deployed, was alcohol. Periodically throughout the tour—it seemed to be on about a two-week cycle—I would get a case of the local beer and lock myself in the back room and drink as much of that beer as I could, until I couldn't even walk or stand. I'd eventually pass out and I would finally get a full night's sleep. Anger, random periods of uncontrollable anger, so angry I could not think straight. Sometimes over the littlest things. I would feel so black, just ready to explode. The depression started to take over—I would bounce between anger and being so depressed that I would sometimes catch myself holding my rifle in my hands, just thinking how easy it would be....

To this day I'm plagued with balance and dizziness issues. I can't even go on the waterslide with my kids. I can't go on roller coasters. I had an opportunity while working for the Ministry of Environment as an initial attack firefighter. I was offered a job as an air attack officer, which was leading in the water bombers for the province. It was an honour that they came to me and offered me this job. I tried for two and a half months to do the job. I was okay as long as the aircraft flew flat and level. As soon as we did a wing-over above the fire to take pictures and record the fire, I would start vomiting. This continued on for two and a half months, to the point where the pilots used to joke on the duration of the mission about how many puke bags I used to fill.

Finally, at the end of that, when no other medication other than.... The next step on the medication for the vomiting was the medication they use for patients on chemotherapy, which was quite harsh on the system, and I finally had to quit. I was 20 pounds lighter.

That will be it.

Thanks. I'm sorry about that.

[The Chair, Liberal, Neil Ellis]

Next is Brandon Kett.

[Brandon Kett, Veteran, As an Individual]

Hello, my name is Brandon Kett. It is an honour to speak to you today in this committee and to create a sense of validation for those of us who have been struggling and suffering in the darkness. In no way will I be able to articulate my story of the struggles and hardships that my family and I have had to endure over the last 10 years, but in these 10 minutes, I'm going to try to paint a suitable picture.

I'm a 14-year veteran of the Canadian Armed Forces. I was a proud member of the Forces, and I always did my best. I strived to be an example to all the troops I trained over the years as a mentor to them. I never really wanted to go to war, but when my country called, I jumped at the opportunity, in 2006. A member of my deploying squadron was unable to deploy, so I filled that gap. I was thrown into the journey of a lifetime. I was proud to be deploying and representing my country, Canada.

In my mind, I was ready, but you're never truly ready to be deployed to such a hostile environment as Afghanistan. I won't really be going into the details of my overseas experiences today, due to the lack of time, but I'll submit my long-form testimony, afterwards.

That being said, that's not the reason I am speaking before you today. The issue I have come here for is mefloquine. When we were given this pill overseas, the risk of a possible lifelong illness that can come from taking this medication was not explained to us. There were the known aspects of the dreams that people talked about. They joked and called them “loopy pills” or “Wacky Wednesdays”. I can now look back and see the devastating effect that this medication had on my overseas work performance and personal accountability, and the downward spiral I've gone through since returning home.

The depression started to set in for me over there. It started with vivid nightmares, distracting confusion, lack of motivation, and the decline in my work performance. I sucked it up, I soldiered on, and I finished my tour.

When I came home, I met a girl, and with great difficulty we started a relationship and a family. Over the years, it's been a mess. Coming home, I was a shell of the person I once was. I had depression, anxiety, and anger, and I was easily brought to the point of agitation. I remember I'd see my kid's toys in the middle of the floor in my house, and I'd want to boot them across the floor and punch holes in the walls over nothing. I was confused, and I never really figured out what was wrong. The PTSD diagnosis I received was easy for me to accept, because my life and mentality was a roller coaster ride. I even remember saying to my ex how I felt that I was a different person when I came back.

Before long, things started to come apart for me, fast. I was drinking a lot, I became severely depressed, I had anxiety all the time, and it was really bad. I was reckless and not thinking about my future.

I heard a story when I was at base Gagetown of how another soldier had killed himself by hanging from the stairs in the basement, so I took some paracord to the basement one day while my ex had the kids out shopping. I tied a rope to the stairs and around my neck. I never hung myself, but that was enough for me. I broke down, and I knew I needed help. My desire to have a stable family life was disintegrating before my eyes. Like a house that been engulfed by fire, I just had to watch it burn from the side, never having the mental ability to do anything about it. I never had a chance because of that pill.

I ended up having three kids with that girl. The relationship was not working, but to fill the void that I felt inside myself, I kept having them and hoping one day I'd level out, but that day never came.

My struggles were internalized, mostly, and I became very isolated and alone inside my own head. I fell into a gaming addiction, and anything else I could use for escapism. I dealt with it the soldier's way: suck it up and carry on.

I learned about Dr. Nevin and his work by researching my symptoms online that didn't really match up to PTSD. Almost every symptom I had was exactly matching to a T for mefloquine intoxication, and it led to many informative sites that detailed how the medication can cause PTSD-like symptoms. At this point, I was going into medical sick parade in the army daily, and my chain of command was trying to come after me and make an example out of me for fighting back.

My so-called regimental family was gone. I felt betrayed. My chain of command painted me with a black mark, and everyone was told to keep their distance. I was labelled a troublemaker for fighting against the chain of command.

For the benefit of my mental sanity.... I lost my kids. I was in financial distress. I lost my house. I was in a dark, isolated depression that lasted, and I have never recovered. I was begging for help because I was suffering every single day. I was hitting the very worst of my suffering up to that point.

My kids were moved back to Ontario after my marriage failed. I lost my house, all my possessions practically. I was renting a room from someone in a basement, sleeping on a mattress on the floor, because I was in such a sad state of financial hardship, with child support and paying for my own medications. I could not even afford to take a trip to go see my kids. Even if I had been able to, the isolating effect had set in and I was not able to plan and execute that trip.

I started receiving PTSD treatment while serving in the Canadian Armed Forces in Gagetown in 2011. My marriage had reached the point, since 2007, of desperation. I was seeking help for that, but it quickly shifted to me and my PTSD.

I started therapy with a psychologist. I was taking SSRI medications for depression and had regular medical appointments each week. The DND medical system was not set up to treat me. The pharmaceutical cut-and-paste treatment was ineffective for my condition. I stayed in the system a long time. I did not want to end my career in the Forces at such a young age, facing medical release.

I worked and I pushed myself to try to get better, but I never really did. I had a hard time remembering my appointments, or if I had taken my medications, or taking anything away from the medical treatment I was receiving, because I was being treated for PTSD, and it wasn't having an effect on me.

We would sit and talk about the trauma that I witnessed and experienced in Afghanistan, and there was an array of pills, but no improvement was made. I was switched to 13 different types of cognitive-altering medications in a span of six months. This was the thinking of my medical team on how to treat the issue.

I had suicidal ideation. I would often talk of the ideas that my broken mind would show me like a movie in my head each day, on repeat. The isolation I underwent when my children were taken away from me made me disconnect from life. I was feeling failed by my medical team, because I had brought mefloquine and Dr. Nevin's work to them. I have not had proper medical treatment for two years.

I released May 3 of this year, and I was put on a list of 500 awaiting a doctor. My chain of command did not even open my file when I was transferred to know that I was operating with PTSD. They came after me instead of helping.

I was hit with disciplinary actions and charges for being an administrative burden because of my inability to manage my financial life. My post-VAC lump sum award ended up hurting me in the end, which still persists to this day. I cannot stabilize mentally because I have financial hardship. My three little girls were and still are my driving factor. I never quit, or even considered that final option.

Then I fell away from the medical system. I stopped attending my appointments. I was getting into trouble. I was in complete mental breakdown, and sinking deep. Nobody was there to help me.

Then I found cannabis. I had never really smoked it much in my life, a few times here and there, but something was different when I smoked it. I was able to feel again. That was a scary thing, because I had to process and deal with a lot of the negative emotions that came to the surface.

Things got a little more manageable for me with the use of cannabis. I was feeling more alive, not coming to anger as quickly, and having better results than with any of the other things I had tried before. It was still really hard, but it was a crutch to help me along my way, which I was forced to pay for out of my out pocket in 2013...my release in May of this year...because DND would not accept it as a treatment medication.

I was open with medical staff. They just wanted to categorize my use and equate it to that of an alcoholic. I just waited out my time, like a prison sentence, and kept my head down. Almost two years of waiting and watching my kids grow up on Skype, living that hellish existence in purgatory.

I attempted to be posted to the JPSU, thinking I would be able to get help there. I've been always looking to the next thing or place where I could finally be stable. I'm self-destructive, and I can't keep it straight.

I've never really given up, and I work every day to manage my life. I was finally allowed to use my voc rehab and get back in my kids' lives in the last six months.

I knew inside I was not going to be able to go to school, but I believed things would be easier when I got back into their life in Ontario. It was not as easy as it sounded. The two years away from my children was enough to ruin our already fragile connection. The guilt of the way I am in relationships haunts me. Over the last years and a bit, I've been tackling an uphill battle to regain some of what I lost.

I'm going to skip ahead, because we're out of time.

In closing, I hope the committee hears the voices of the people speaking here this week and uses the right due diligence to remedy this tragedy of lives, relationships, and families in ruin. Sometimes I think if I had been able to solve this back in the 1990s, I'd not be sitting here in front of you today.

I hope to redeem my faith in Canada and have a positive ending to add to this story, with a world-class outreach program with treatment, research, and help to those suffering. Canada needs to stop issuing this poison to its soldiers and to the public. We need to stay up-to-date with the science that comes out and the newest best information. The story has many gaps and has many more details in the DND system, negligence of my chain of command, and many other facets and obstacles I had to endure. I hope this is just the start of a dialogue and I'll be able to submit my long version in great detail in the future. Help us, because we are suffering.

Thanks for taking the time to listen to my story. I hope steps to give aid are made with a sense of urgency.

Thank you.

[The Chair, Liberal, Neil Ellis]

Thank you.

Now we'll begin our first round of questioning, which is six minutes. I ask members to direct your questions to each witness by name, so we can be clear as to who you are questioning.

We'll start with Ms. Wagantall.

[Cathay Wagantall, Conservative, Yorkton—Melville, SK]

You guys, thank you. I cannot imagine what you're going through. What I'm learning as a member of Parliament, more than anything, is that it seems to be the victims who have to go beyond what they've already experienced to get change. I do appreciate so much, we all do, that you're here and that you have the courage and the ability to do what you did today in sharing with us.

I'm hearing a recurring theme that is really quite amazing to me, out of that, and that this isn't just about you. You have a deep concern beyond yourselves in wanting to see this taken care of.

First, Claude, could you talk to me very briefly—I get six minutes—a little bit more about what you want to see come out of this effort?

[Claude Lalancette]

I think the International Mefloquine Veterans’ Alliance says it, that we're so far behind. Canada's so far behind in this. I think with a little bit of honour and a little bit of suck it up, we can come out with an exemplary, world-class outreach program. With that outreach program, I think we should suck it up to what happened and reach out to the victims that this pill has been created for. The first two that I would see being reached out to would be Kyle Brown and the Matchee family, who really desperately need it.

I don't know anything about this thing, I'm just a grunt who's been.... I don't know what I've been doing since I started this thing, but I don't think it's my.... I would love to be part of it, but I don't think it's my responsibility to look for this outreach, but I would love it to be an exemplary one, and it needs to be urgent. It's not social media that should be doing this. I was bouncing off the walls when I learned about it, so I see the outreach being—

[Cathay Wagantall, Conservative, Yorkton—Melville, SK]

That's key.

[Claude Lalancette]

Yes.