Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to have the opportunity to address the House on foundations and accountability.
Let me make it clear that the government welcomes the report of the Auditor General. We are committed to open, effective, accountable government and we take her findings and recommendations very seriously. I believe that we have taken significant action to date to enhance the accountability of foundations, and we will continue to do so.
The Prime Minister has described accountability not as a buzzword, but rather as our benchmark in changing the way Ottawa works. Certainly it is a subject well worth discussing, particularly when we are talking about responsibility to Parliament and to Canadians. Today I will focus my comments on the issue of accountability as it relates to foundations.
The government has been outspoken about its commitment to improving accountability. We have gone beyond words. We have backed up our words with concrete actions to build and strengthen accountability across government. For example, last week the President of the Treasury Board released a report containing the most comprehensive review of crown corporations in over 20 years.
We are equally committed to ensuring proper accountability within foundations. The proof of this commitment is that we have been working solidly over the last few years with a view to building the right accountability framework for foundations. It is important to acknowledge that when dealing with foundations, we are dealing with unique institutions, institutions that were specifically designed to work at arm's length from government.
In this respect foundations are no different from hundreds of other not for profit organizations that depend on federal grants and contributions. The big difference is that with foundations, the assistance is up front and long term in nature. It is essential to realize the importance of that fact. We have to recognize that the independence of foundations is one of the important factors of their success.
Let us look for a minute at why arm's-length foundations are used to achieve public policy.
And to do that, we have to think about the changing environment in which governments and the private sector operate, and how they evolve. This environment demands innovative ways of partnering with others through alternative means of service delivery.
During consultations by the government in the mid-1990s, business leaders and academics spoke of the need for increased funding and a more innovative investment approach to ensure that Canada became a research leader. They encouraged the government to explore new funding mechanisms, and to look at the possibility of achieving public policy objectives through independent organizations that could apply expert insight to effectively target specific issues.
In the 1997 budget, the first large foundation was born, the Canada Foundation for Innovation. Today there are many more and they are doing fine work.
As one enthusiast of the CFI put it in a letter to the Prime Minister last December:
I'm sure you're aware what an impact CFI has had on Canadian science. A very important corollary to this is the incredible boost of morale or dose of optimism that has been injected into Canadian science.
Of course, while clearly recognizing the benefits of arm's length expert foundations, the government has also recognized the need to ensure transparency and accountability.
Concrete actions were set out in the 2003 budget which announced a number of changes to improve the accountability of foundations to make them more accountable to Canadians and parliamentarians. These changes were in direct response to recommendations of the Auditor General.
The budget also set out in very clear terms the principles under which foundations are used by government to deliver public policy. They are as follows: Foundations should focus on the specific area of opportunity in which policy direction is provided generally through legislation and/or a funding agreement; foundations should harness the insight and decision making ability of independent boards of directors with direct experience in and knowledge about the issues at stake; decisions by foundations should be made using expert peer review; foundations should be provided with guaranteed funding that goes beyond the annual parliamentary appropriations to give the foundations the financial stability that is essential in their specific area of opportunity; and foundations should have the opportunity and hence the ability to lever additional funds from other levels of government and the private sector.
The budget laid out steps to improve the accountability of both ministers and foundations in a number of areas, starting with parliamentary review.
The government set out measures to ensure that the establishment and funding of foundations is adequately reviewed by Parliament.It also committed to ensuring parliamentary approval of purpose and funding through direct legislation for foundations that are significant either from a policy or financial perspective.
And it was agreed that, in all cases, Parliament needs to approve funding for foundations. Each individual grant is listed separately in the estimates. These measures increased accountability to Parliament. But we also looked at how to improve public reporting. And we took action.
For example, today, foundations are required to provide corporate plans annually to the minister responsible for administering the funding agreement. These are required to include planned expenditures, objectives and performance expectations relating to the federal funding. And it is important to note that summaries of these plans are to be made public by the responsible minister and to be provided to Parliament.
In addition, the departmental reports on plans and priorities, which are tabled in Parliament, now include the significant expected results to be achieved by the relevant foundations and are required to situate these within the department's overall plans and priorities.
As well, the department responsible for administering the funding agreement is required to report on the significant results achieved by the foundation, or foundations, in its departmental performance report for the duration of the funding agreement and to situate these within the department's overall results achieved.
The annual report for each foundation, including relevant performance reporting, audited financial statements and evaluation results, is presented to the minister responsible for the funding agreement and made public. The reports of foundations created explicitly through legislation are tabled in Parliament by the responsible minister.
All foundations' annual reports must contain performance information, as well as audited financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
The accountability of foundations was further enhanced through the following measures that touch on compliance with funding agreements.
Foundations are required to conduct independent evaluations, present these to the minister responsible and make them public. Departments then incorporate any significant findings in their annual departmental performance reports, which are tabled annually in Parliament.
Funding agreements with foundations contain provisions for independent audits of compliance with funding agreements and for departmental program evaluations.
The compliance audits can be undertaken by departmental internal auditors, external auditors or, at the request of the responsible minister, by the Auditor General.
There are also provisions for intervention in the event the responsible minister feels there have been significant deviations from the terms of the funding agreement.
Further, in all new funding agreements, provisions are put in place so that the responsible minister may, at his or her discretion, recover unspent funds in the event of winding up.
I trust members will agree that I have just outlined a very comprehensive government program of increasing the accountability of foundations. I want to emphasize that our commitment to enhancing the accountability of foundations continues today.
Since the measures announced in budget 2003, the government has taken numerous steps to strengthen the overall accountability and transparency of foundations. Not only have our actions addressed many of the earlier concerns of the Auditor General but in some cases we have gone beyond the recommendations. We have done this while still respecting the spirit and intent behind the establishment of the foundations.
Let me start by talking about reporting to Parliament and the public.
All statutory reporting requirements of Parliament are being met. For many years now, ministers have tabled in Parliament the annual reports of foundations, which contain audited financial statements representing 80% of all transfers to foundations as identified by the Auditor General.
Foundations regularly report on their plans and results to departments that are required to incorporate significant items in their reports on plans and priorities and departmental performance reports to Parliament. The Treasury Board Secretariat has issued guidelines on these reporting requirements.
Let us consider a few points on the reporting by sponsoring departments. Result based management and accountability frameworks have been developed. Many departments now have the ability to undertake evaluations that can assess the horizontal integration of their programs with those of the foundations.
On another front, progress has also been made when it comes to the question of ministerial oversight. Changes have been brought to strengthen the default provisions of the funding agreements to enable corrective action. These changes respect the independence of not for profit organizations and do not involve the unilateral redirection of funds by the government.
Funding provisions and legislative changes have been made to permit the recovery of unspent funds should a foundation be wound down.
Transfers to foundations are accounted for in a manner that is consistent with the treatment of other transfers such as those to provinces which the Auditor General has accepted. Such transfers provide long term, stable funding that is needed to attract financial resources and expertise. Government has the financial flexibility to fund these priorities. Such decisions and announcements have been made throughout the year and not only at year end.
I have outlined just some of the many actions that the government has taken in response to recommendations from the Auditor General on foundations. While there are still some areas of disagreement, there is also agreement that good progress has been made.
For example, last week's Auditor General's report noted some positive developments, for example the fact that improvements have been made in reporting to Parliament and the public, and that provisions for corporate plans and annual reports have improved. There were many other positive comments.
In closing, I think it is worth mentioning that lots of very good work results from these foundations. All of their websites provide more comprehensive information on their plans and results and these foundations are working across the spectrum, from health research to green initiatives for the environment, to strengthening the research capabilities of our universities.
I do not support the motion before us today because it goes too far in asking that the Auditor General be the one to do both performance audits and the annual audit of each foundation. I do not think the Auditor General has to do the audits of each foundation every year but I think she should be allowed to do performance audits.
We remain committed to continuing to work with the Auditor General to improve the accountability of these foundations so they can continue to do their good work.