Madam Speaker, I want to begin by reminding everyone in the House that people are watching us at home right now. I would remind them that victims and survivors are listening to this debate. I want to recognize Kim Shore, from Gymnasts for Change, who is calling on us to rise to the occasion and to take action for victims and survivors. I also want to recognize her entire team.
I am rising today to take part in the debate on the Minister of Sport's response to the Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage's report on safety in sport. This issue was first examined by the Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage, but the Standing Committee on the Status of Women also examined it at my suggestion. This is an issue that the Bloc Québécois has worked on as a team, and I commend my sport critic colleague for bringing this issue before the heritage committee. We then also looked at it at the status of women committee. I had to invoke Standing Order 106(4) for an emergency study to be conducted on the growing number of cases in the media. Yes, the media had to talk about situations of violence, abuse and bullying, particularly the terrible sexual assault scandal at Hockey Canada, before the minister finally took action.
We need to get to the bottom of this matter and provide better protection for young people. As we know, high-level athletes are not just 50-year-olds, but also young people between the ages of 16 and 25. We have a duty to protect them. The Minister of Sport had the opportunity to do something following the committee's report, but she did nothing. Given the letter from the 1,000 gymnasts sent in March 2022, given the Hockey Canada issue, given the many scandals in sports, 16 different disciplines want and deserve action. The committee even heard that this could be just the tip of the iceberg and that further investigation is needed. Accusations were made, but the minister did nothing. Other examples include the Olympic Games and all the stories of coaches abusing athletes.
The Bloc Québécois wants an independent public inquiry because aggression in sport is systemic. The sports policy expired over a year ago. There is still no clear direction for action, and the minister is not giving any direction. If there is no clear leadership on this issue, sports businesses are not going to follow through and nothing will change. The minister has a duty of due diligence and verification. If the minister does not ensure athlete safety, who will? The revolving door for the position of Minister of Sport over the past few years certainly has not helped either.
Today, I am going to approach the issue from three angles. First, I want to go over a bit of background, which I have already started doing. Then, I will come back to our crucial recommendation, which we see as a priority. Finally, I want to talk about other ideas related to today's debate.
To begin, I would remind the House that, following the allegations in the media, the Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage held an emergency meeting in the summer of 2022. Then, seeing that there was still a great deal to learn about the allegations, the Standing Committee on the Status of Women launched a study, during which we heard from victims, sports organizations, in short, a long series of witnesses who came to explain why this issue could not be swept under the rug and why there absolutely needed to be an independent public inquiry. Let us not forget that the previous minister of sport froze funding to Hockey Canada but reinstated it far too quickly and without the systemic changes demanded by victims and survivors.
Second, let us come back to our work in committee. To take meaningful action to eradicate maltreatment in sports, a rethink of the sports governance system in Canada is needed. Witnesses identified systemic changes that could be made to the sports system. These changes include: an oversight of sports organizations' funding use and ways they process maltreatment allegations; the creation of a publicly accessible national coaches registry aiming to prevent coaches subject to sanctions for maltreatment from being able to coach in another sport or to coach in a different province or territory; the improvement and expansion of safe sport education and training for athletes, parents, and any other individuals involved in the sports system; and efforts to increase women's and girls' participation as well as gender equality and inclusion in sport.
In order for all of those changes to occur, most witnesses called on the government to establish an independent national public inquiry into maltreatment in sports. This inquiry could shed light on how the sports system has allowed maltreatment to occur and go unpunished. First of all, the slate needs to be wiped clean and truly everything needs to be put on the table through this inquiry. In the report that was tabled, despite the 24 recommendations in total to prevent the maltreatment of athletes, the recommendation on the independent public inquiry was crucial and a priority. It was the one that stood out.
Third, I will talk about other important issues related to this file, including the non-disclosure agreements that sought to cover the whole thing up and protect the institutions. We heard that victims were forced into silence through these non-disclosure agreements. We also need to look at that, if we really want to make a change.
There is also the matter of grooming, where an adult sexually propositions a 15-year-old minor or a person representing themselves as such using electronic or other means of communication. We also heard about that in committee. We heard about adults using their position of authority as coaches to manipulate underage athletes, while the parents of those athletes thought that they were safe.
We also talked about the CCES, the Canadian Centre for Ethics in Sport, and the OSIC, or Office of the Sport Integrity Commissioner. The OSIC is a mechanism that is available to only a small proportion of athletes. Witnesses who appeared before the committee expressed concern that OSIC's complaint mechanism set up by the previous minister of sport was not independent from the sports system. As a result, athletes may not report maltreatment, fearing retribution.
Here is another subject that is very close to my heart. I raised this issue at the Standing Committee on the Status of Women, where we are currently doing a study on coercive and controlling behaviour. I will give a definition of coercive and controlling behaviour. It includes physical, sexual or psychological abuse, financial control and implicit or explicit threats of harm to a victim. Coercive and controlling behaviour is not limited to a single incident, but rather involves repeated behaviours. It is important to understand that certain actions taken in isolation could be considered normal, but in some cases, it is the recurrence and repetition of those actions that make it coercive and controlling violence.
These definitions were given at the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights, but they reminded me of what we heard during testimony at the Standing Committee on the Status of Women. Coaches and other organizations exert this kind of control repeatedly over victims, witnesses and survivors.
These authority figures can also restrict a person's movement and even control what they eat and what they do. I myself have a bit of personal experience to share, unfortunately. I was with my sister through her journey as a gymnast, and I saw how much pressure she was under. They tried to control everything, including what she could and could not eat. It is unbelievable that young kids are being put through this. It can put them at serious risk.
Coercive control is insidious and repetitive. We have heard about physical violence, but it is not necessarily physical. It ends up eroding athletes' self-awareness and self-confidence. That is what we heard from witnesses in committee. The victims stop making decisions based on what is best for them and what really motivates them. Their decisions are based on fear of what the coach might do to them or what other people might do to them. They even end up making bad decisions.
Abusers use these intimidating, degrading and dehumanizing tactics to instill fear in their victims. The goal of abusive behaviours is to provoke fear and gain power and control, even over the victim's thoughts and actions. Such behaviours start to control all of the victim's thoughts. That is pretty terrible, and that is where we are at. We have to do something about that. Coaches use physical and psychological isolation. They do everything to control their victims.
Many victims who appeared before the committee told us, in their courageous accounts, about how they were living in fear and about how this is systemic and far more widespread than we think. We really need to keep the issue of coercive control in mind when it comes to all sports.
In closing, once again, the government thinks it will be better off if we do not get to the bottom of this. With a voluntary commission, the victims are the ones who have the most to lose. This is not the way to restore confidence in the system or to encourage young people and parents to participate in sports.
Maltreatment in sport is truly an ongoing problem that has been reported by survivors for decades. The report by the Standing Committee on the Status of Women was our way of shedding light on the various measures available to protect women and girls from maltreatment in sport, but that requires an independent public inquiry, not a voluntary commission. There are two problems. First, as far as the commission goes, the minister is not required to report on what she does. Who will she appoint to the commission? She might even try to protect people. Secondly, the word “voluntary” means what it says. It means that no one is under any obligation. That is a real concern.
I would like to say one final thing because I am also a sports fan and I want to draw attention to two pieces of good news. On October 12, I was lucky enough to have a hand in dropping the puck for the Granby CEGEP's new women's hockey team, Indigo. This team is a positive model and a worthy inspiration for many women's hockey players. Last week, the Bloc Québécois, together with my colleague for Abitibi—Témiscamingue, received—