Industry committee  Okay. Let's go e-book versus print costs. Because we're a digital library, e-books are purchased whenever possible and when available. We look at the cost of a multi-user e-book. It's often less than a transactional licensing fee and it doesn't limit access to students enrolled

Industry committee  I'd love to answer that question. There is no question that Access Copyright revenue would have gone down, because a number of groups opted out of the collective. They were no longer paying their fees, so of course their revenue was going to go down.

Industry committee  Well, here's the choice you have as an administrator of a university: you can choose to belong to that collective and recognize that on multiple occasions you pay twice, or you can choose to manage it your own way and clear copyright in a different way. It's not that we are not c

Industry committee  No.

Industry committee  We opted out of their licences. We have gone back on occasion to ask for a transactional licence for something that is in their repertoire. They have used an all-or-none approach: if you're not in the licence, in the collective, you're not allowed to do a transactional licence.

Industry committee  It would have been probably in 2013-14. Once we opted out in December 2012, we went back on occasion. As we opted out, we were surprised by what we found out, which was how many licences we had paid for twice because we weren't sure that the licence was included in the repertoire

Industry committee  Yes.

Industry committee  Yes. I think there's a fear across the country in post-secondary institutions about any retroactivity, particularly when we think we've been managing copyright in an appropriate fashion.

Industry committee  The copyright costs for the university have varied. When we started in 2011, before the proposed tariff, we were paying $2.38 a student with 10¢ a copy. It varied between $10 and $15, I think, when all was said and done at the end of a year, per FTE student. We have about 30,000

Industry committee  I would say that the current Copyright Act does not afford indigenous people protection for their copyright material. Part of it is the way in which those materials are produced. We have just spent a significant amount of time putting together an indigenous strategy. I'll give

Industry committee  We did ask permission. I think any Copyright Act moving forward should include this type of piece within it.

Industry committee  I'd be happy to start on that, if you'd like. I don't think tariffs should be mandatory. To speak from a university perspective, I think there are options for tariffs and for ways to clear copyright. Right now Access Copyright is but one collective. There are a variety of differ

Industry committee  Good afternoon. I'm Dru Marshall, provost and vice-president, academic, at the University of Calgary, and chair of the copyright committee there. I want to begin by thanking members of the committee for their support for the post-secondary sector. Investments in our campus throug