Industry committee  Yes. I would bring you back, sir, to what I mentioned earlier in the opening statement about how we have individuals who review all the reports, and that's precisely to try to get the balance right. I think, though, this concept runs into challenges when we're talking about something that's at scale.

Industry committee  It's Rights Manager.

Industry committee  I'm sorry, but I just want to confirm, sir. You're referring to a piece of Bach that was uploaded, and then—

Industry committee  It's Rights Manager.

Industry committee  That's interesting. I'm not familiar with that particular example. I think you are right that—well, grosso modo, how it works is that for any reported piece of content, as I mentioned in the opening statement, certainly an individual at Facebook would review that report and ensure that, first, the information's complete for the reporting, and then that it's a legitimate or a valid request for removal.

Industry committee  As I said, we had close to half a million reports, I think it was, in the first half of 2018, and that resulted in about three million copyright takedowns globally. I think there are some other things that we do have to complement that, which are our automated systems. Potentially, again, not knowing the specific case, I couldn't say, but—

Industry committee  Right. Potentially, this could be an automated system example. I would obviously also want to add—and I'll turn it over to Probir in case you have something to add, Probir—that the concern for us is always, as you point out, sir, false positives. We want to be tough to ensure that we are protecting the rights of rights holders, but on the flip side—and that's why I mentioned it—as a platform, we always want to be careful about how we balance this.

Industry committee  Sir, if I may, I'll just refer to my colleagues. We have a slight nuance for rights management.

Industry committee  Thank you very much, sir. Before I begin, I apologize. I thought I had eight minutes, so I probably will go a little long.

Industry committee  Thank you. Mr. Chair and members of the Standing Committee on Industry, Science and Technology, on behalf of Facebook, I want to thank you for giving us the opportunity to speak to you today. My name is Kevin Chan, and I'm the head of public policy at Facebook Canada. I'm joined by Probir Mehta, the head of global intellectual property policy.