Citizenship and Immigration committee  I can. I have it here. Just a moment, please.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  No, I do have it here. The Chandigarh office at the moment is at 52% for visitor visas.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Mr. Chair, I think the risk in these cases is looking at the full picture of the applicant's situation and whether we are convinced that the individual would leave Canada at the end of the visit. That is the core piece. That assumes the admissibility requirements are met and so on, but I think essentially the risk is whether that person will leave at the end of their visit.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Mr. Chair, I appreciate the question. One thing we are always trying to achieve is the balance, if you like, between security issues, the admissibility issues, and facilitation. That's one of the key things that we have to get right, and we're constantly working on getting the balance correct, as you rightly indicated.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  I'm hesitant to respond to any specific situation, because obviously I do not know the full picture and do not know all the factors that the visa officer would have considered.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  The point is that there can be something as well. Someone can be coming with the intent of coming permanently in the longer term, but come on a temporary basis as well—what we would call dual intent. In those situations, in fact, our record is very high. The acceptance rates of that sort of application is, worldwide, about 87%, which is even higher than our normal visitor visa acceptance rate.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Thank you for the question. A number of things would be in place to direct these officers. First of all, they are very highly trained before they go into the field. They would have a very good understanding of what the parameters are in which to operate. Second, they would be clearly managed and supervised in a very proactive way.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  As I said, any visa officer's going to be looking at a whole variety of factors when they look at an application. If someone has claimed refugee status in Canada before, obviously that's going to be an issue they would be looking at very closely to discern the circumstances of that.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Within the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act there are specific methods to deal with people who have been deported. Yes, that obviously has a different character, and one has to deal with that according to the act.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  In terms of putting an actual price tag on it, I don't think we're able to do that. I don't think our costing models are sufficiently sophisticated to break it down to that level. Clearly, though, we do spend a significantly greater amount of time on applications where there might be fraud involved, or on applications that are complicated for any number of reasons.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  If there is fraud involved, there probably would be more than one person involved, but not necessarily. It would depend a little bit on the office and what the capacity of that office is. In many offices around the world we now have officers who specialize in fraud and are dealing with program integrity, so they would certainly be involved in those sorts of applications.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Absolutely not. It is a case-by-case description. One of my officers may get a series of applications that are very straightforward and have an extremely high acceptance rate. Another officer may have very complicated cases that may result in a higher refusal rate.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  That would be the full range of refusals, and thus fraud would be part of that. I don't have a specific breakdown, but I suspect it's a relatively smaller portion of the overall refusal rate.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  No, it's not going to be on every single application, but it's a consideration with every application. In certain environments, it's a fact that there tends to be more fraud than in other environments, and certain offices are going to be more conscious of that—certain types of applications as well.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  I'm a bit reluctant to single out any particular parts of the world, but there have been areas. I mentioned in my opening remarks, in the Punjab we've had some success recently, where we've been able to unearth some areas of fraud. We've had incidents in West Africa. We've had incidents in various parts of the world, so I'm a bit reluctant to zero in on any particular country.