Fisheries committee  Yes, and we also get 97.5% of the yellowtail; we have a large percentage of American plaice; and we will have the biggest share of northern cod, once it comes back, or if it comes back. So the benefits would accrue to Canada in the event we can get the control, keep the control, and rebuild the stocks.

Fisheries committee  I don't think I have those data. I know that the measures came into place in 2007. From 2005, the total citations were 29 in 2005, 21 in 2006, 11 in 2007, and 8 in 2008. I would point out as well that we have a lot more rules than we did. Over that period of time, we made more rules, so there's more opportunity for people to be in non-compliance.

Fisheries committee  No. We have negotiated a new NAFO Convention.

Fisheries committee  They are looking for more shrimp, yes. Is it being linked to the ratification or are they asking Canada to do something relevant to the ratification? No. We are still discussing it with them, trying to remove their objection, but--

Fisheries committee  No, that's not applicable until the convention's ratified. In the last 14 years we've voted once in NAFO, and that did not come out with a position that Canada supported. Other than that, it's all been consensus. As I noted, all of the conservation and enforcement measures that improve compliance in NAFO were agreed on unanimously.

Fisheries committee  Probably for some years. Nine parties need to ratify the convention before it becomes binding on all. We know the process in Japan means going through the Diet. The process in the United States is not without some time for them to move ahead. I would also expect Russia to take some time.

Fisheries committee  Yes.

Fisheries committee  Policing is really important. The measures we have are not going to work unless somebody's out there, so we keep two to three vessels out there. The EU has one, and from time to time there are others. The U.S. has worked in partnership with us. All of those actions are necessary.

Fisheries committee  Do you mean linked to the convention ratification?

Fisheries committee  That's correct. They have an objection based on their desire to have a larger shrimp quota.

Fisheries committee  Not to the convention; the convention is completely separate. It's under the old convention that they're doing that. In the new convention we could probably solve this problem by going to dispute settlement, but it doesn't exist.

Fisheries committee  They have not made that link, no.

Fisheries committee  The NAFO draft convention was similar to other RFMOs. On that one, I'd have to see if my colleagues can add anything to it, because I'm not personally involved in some of the other RFMOs.

Fisheries committee  As noted, all parties are bound by NAFO decisions in the NAFO regulatory area. So anything that Canada puts forward as a proposal that is adopted would be obligatory for all parties in the NAFO regulatory area. Because we're looking at ecosystem-based management, there was some concern that you can't split up the ecosystem and therefore maybe there'd be circumstances in the future where Canada might want to ensure the measures would be applied throughout.

Fisheries committee  That's correct.