Environment committee  Just with regard to the question from the member in terms of increasing the intensity of effort, there obviously has been ongoing dialogue in terms of the establishment of that particular MPA, and part of the dialogue is related to not only the question of intensity of effort but

Environment committee  I'll try to answer the first part of the question, with regard to the management monitoring and reporting, especially on ecological integrity. As Kevin Stringer explained in his speech, our objectives under the Oceans Act for MPAs, for example, are slightly different. We don't

Environment committee  To elaborate a bit on your question on how we go about establishing marine protected areas, in Sue's opening remarks she referred to broad policy frameworks that were established. For marine protected areas, that was in 2011, where the Canadian council of fisheries and aquacultur

Environment committee  Yes. Just to clarify, the plans you're referring to are broader than just for marine conservation. The plans that first nations in British Columbia and the Province of B.C. developed were more of a marine spatial planning exercise, which includes a layer of conservation to it, b

Environment committee  One of the benefits of the investment in the oceans program over the last 20 years has been that we do have a much better idea, in terms of our scientific research, regarding which areas of the ocean are ecologically and biologically significant. We use that data we've collected

Environment committee  The five areas that have been under development since 2010 would contribute around 0.36% of Canada's EEZ. The other measures that Philippe mentioned would represent a much more significant contribution, as well as, of course, the Lancaster Sound national marine conservation area

Environment committee  I would say that they reflect the general interest in conservation objectives that we hear about at the regional and local levels, as Philippe said. Certainly opportunities have been identified by groups such that this can contribute to the reconciliation agenda of the government

Environment committee  In the context of Aichi target 11, it is ocean-based, not freshwater-based. That doesn't mean we don't do marine protected areas in freshwater areas. I would defer to Rob to talk a little bit about what Parks Canada has done in the Greats Lakes and perhaps in other parts of the

Fisheries committee  Yes, we do an economic analysis in terms of the impact for all of these, in all five protected areas.

Fisheries committee  It's on a site-by-site basis. Each one of the economic impact analyses is done as part of the regulatory impact analysis statement. When we put forward a site for publication in the Canada Gazette, we need to do an analysis not only of the economics, but also of the social impact

Fisheries committee  The way we've proceeded with the development of marine protected areas recently is with a combination of a core protected zone, where all human activity is restricted, and then we have what we call adaptive management zones, which tend to be around the core area, where, as Philip

Fisheries committee  It is possible to have that. Hecate Strait is one example where in the vertical adaptive management zone—that is the area between the top of the reefs and the surface of the water—some midwater trawling is allowed, or long-lining, safe in the knowledge it is not going to reach a

Fisheries committee  The areas under pressure refer to the marine protected area network planning, which is a process that's been ongoing in our five priority bioregions since 2011. Under the national conservation plan, additional funding was put into the development of MPA networks in 2014. Each net

Fisheries committee  The priority bioregions are the ones where there is significant human activity: fishing, oil and gas exploration, aquaculture development, shipping, etc., so when we talk about those five priority bioregions—and we can provide a map to the committee—we're talking about the Pacifi

Fisheries committee  I'm not well versed enough in terrestrial park planning to really be able to provide a comparison. What I can say is that, in terms of planning for marine protected areas, we do need to be thorough in terms of our consultations, because what is being proposed is something that is