Transport committee  Good afternoon. Thank you, Mr. Chair and members of the committee for the invitation to appear today to discuss Canada’s preparedness to respond to Russian threats to Canadian waters, ports and airspace. My name is Rajiv Gupta and I am the associate head of the Communications

Transport committee  Absolutely. I will make the assumption that we're talking about incidents that happened within government, but please clarify that after if you want.

Transport committee  Within the government, the Canadian Centre for Cyber Security does monitor government departments. We have a variety of sensors. We look at networks, hosts, the cloud. We gather all this information. We have analytics that run. We take automated actions to defend the government.

Transport committee  It depends on the assessment. If it's serious, it can happen within an hour of understanding it—

Transport committee  It's through the command system, so basically the GC CSEMP, and that will specify the levels of notification as you progress through the levels, depending on the severity of the incident.

Transport committee  Not that we are aware of in terms of incidents.

Transport committee  We don't speak to operational specifications here. That's where I'll leave it.

Transport committee  I'm not sure of the exact number. We total them each week and we gather them together. We receive all sorts of reports as Canada's national cyber centre—

Transport committee  It's probably in the hundreds or less than a hundred per week in terms of our typical intake. That's typically the scope. Then we categorize them by sector and severity. One thing to notice is that yes, we have the front door for the country. We're always encouraging more and mo

Transport committee  It's across the sectors that we've seen.

Transport committee  Do you mean in terms of the sectors, going into the specific results?

Transport committee  The sectors would be anything from, obviously, government. We have financial...we have the various sectors that are mentioned by Public Safety as well right across the board in terms of the—

Transport committee  Yes, absolutely, you're right. We look for incidents being reported from Canadian organizations within Canada. That's what we focus on and who we support through the cyber centre.

Transport committee  I'm not sure of the last three years, but we're not seeing anything unusual in terms of the numbers. Cyber-threats have been consistent for years and years, and they have always been here, which is one thing we do want to stress. We have put out cyber-threat assessments talking a

Transport committee  Cyber-attacks can originate from anywhere in the world. Wherever they originate from doesn't necessarily represent where they're coming from. Threat actors are always trying to hide where they're coming from. From our cyber-threat assessments in 2018 and 2020, we talked about th