Public Safety committee  Thank you, Mr. Chair, ladies and gentlemen, honourable members, for this opportunity to have a discussion with you. Mr. Chair, I'd like to keep track of my time because, as you know, professors are not nearly as disciplined as MPs in keeping to their speaking time. I'm counting

Public Safety committee  We are taking democracy for granted, and in my view, doing nothing is not an option. As to what we should be doing, that's another problem. I'll conclude by saying that history has taught us that it's the majorities, not the minorities, that overthrow democratic regimes. Thank

Public Safety committee  Thank you for your question. That is indeed an issue. I'll have to be careful here, because I'm also currently sitting on the committee that is examining the new regulations on harmful online content. I will therefore keep my comments fairly general. It's clear, Mr. Van Popta,

Public Safety committee  One important point I'd like to make is that interference in a democracy and the integrity of our democratic systems need to be taken into consideration in matters of violent extremism. That's unquestionable. On the other hand, I think that it also has to be taken into account b

Public Safety committee  Is that question for me, Mr. Chair?

Public Safety committee  Okay. We've done research, including a Canada-wide survey on belief in conspiracy theories. The survey will soon be presented to the Quebec government. The data are rather worrisome, showing that up to 25 % of Canadians believe more or less strongly in conspiracy theories. Needl

Public Safety committee  It's therefore extremely important to acknowledge that things are interconnected, and I could use Ottawa as an example. What we saw here were pro-democracy people alongside people who are anti-democracy, which caused the movement to veer towards violence. Thank you.

Public Safety committee  Thank you very much for your question. I'm delighted to hear that we have the same alma mater. I also forgot to note that it is located on the traditional land of the Abenaki. To answer your question about the expert group, it and the government are examining precisely what you

Public Safety committee  Thank you for the question. The book provides an interesting perspective. Many western researchers examine the phenomenon from a western standpoint, including the growth of Jihadism and right-wing extremism. To answer your question about the far right, I believe that one common

Public Safety committee  The final factor, about which not all of us agree, is the use of violence. Some people take it for granted, whereas for others it's much more subtle. The fact remains, however, that it often underpins anti-democratic arguments. Thank you.

Public Safety committee  I'd like to thank the hon. member for his question. You're absolutely right when you said that there are sometimes collateral impacts. The idea behind the current deliberations on regulating social networks is to create basic standards that would enable the platforms to determin

Public Safety committee  Thank you.

Public Safety committee  Yes and no. The data show that it depends on the context. Sometimes socioeconomic status is problematic, but most of the time, the cause is a feeling of economic hardship. So it's less tied to income as such than to having the impression of not having access to what we feel we ar

Public Safety committee  Definitely, Mr. Lloyd. And it can be seen in how it is linked to an increase in conspiracy theories. There is a very clear correlation between a form of anxiety, caused among other things by socio-economic status or the loss of losing that status.

Public Safety committee  So it may be a factor, but the radicalization process is mainly a combination of factors specific to each individual.