Environment committee  If I could respond, my point will simply be that I appreciate your comments and I'm hoping to continue to be a voice for how we can have good policy design. I know it is difficult. Politics gets in the way. But we need to get to good policies, and so I'm trying to make sure I giv

Environment committee  Thank you for having me. Goodbye.

Environment committee  No.

Environment committee  No.

Environment committee  I was told that I would be called. I got an e-mail message from someone named Jamie MacDonald, a former student of mine.

Environment committee  I will point out that I was invited by the clerk last week and I got to sit and listen to you, but I didn't get a chance to appear. I don't know if that's relevant or not.

Environment committee  Yes, you are.

Environment committee  No, and I did ask the government for that. I was given some information about their estimates of what each program would achieve in terms of emissions reduction, but I was interested in the parameters inside their model that had to do with behaviour and how people respond, and al

Environment committee  Yes.

Environment committee  I don't have specific numbers. I've tended to review studies on different kinds of environmental effects, but I'm not familiar with some specific cost estimates, no.

Environment committee  Yes. There've been lots of studies on that, but unfortunately, as an economist, I would say that the net effect is a cost in terms of economic output, as we traditionally measure it, from reducing greenhouse gases. The analysis that I have been working on recently, and I think th

Environment committee  No, we don't factor that in. This is what we call.... If I do any costing, it's a cost-effectiveness analysis, and that is: What will it cost you to achieve your environmental objective? What are the benefits of that environmental objective? We don't try to estimate that.

Environment committee  This is what I said in my opening comments. We need to get to a dialogue where our political leaders are saying to Canadians, we're sorry, but if you really care about the risk of climate change and mitigating that risk and being part of an international effort to do so, we're go

Environment committee  Again, the issue is whether you are just regulating part of the economy. Right now we're just looking at the California policy on carbon content in fuel. I note that my colleague Robert Stavins, from Harvard, has just done an analysis of some of the California policies, and I was

Environment committee  I don't have the exact number in front of me, but we use a standard forecast of the oil sands growth, so certainly significant oil sands growth is included in that.