Environment committee  That's essentially it. You can get benefits from reducing air pollution wherever you reduce air pollution. We have not seen a threshold for the effects even in relatively clean communities. An emission reduction in a less polluted community can have, all other things being equal,

Environment committee  No, we have not seen regulations of the same sort in terms of indoor air. We're working towards indoor air, so we will be looking internationally as part of that process.

Environment committee  These are really questions you should direct to Environment Canada, but I'll give you some of my knowledge from previous experience there. There are a number of research studies out now, a small number of research studies, that attempt to calculate the impact on air pollution o

Environment committee  There has been some work done by Environment Canada, supported by Health Canada, looking at synoptic situations. The important thing to keep in mind is that it's not just temperature driven, that there's complex meteorology involved.

Environment committee  Temperature is one factor that determines the release of certain precursors for ozone.

Environment committee  Yes, but it's not always the most important thing. You can get ozone episodes from a variety of circumstances. A lot of it is long-range transport. A lot of it has to do with whether or not you have an inversion.

Environment committee  You're using the word “direct” in a different way than I did.

Environment committee  When I said greenhouse gas didn't directly impact, I meant that if you breathe greenhouse gases, you do not have a health effect. If you breath PM and ozone, you do have a health effect. Climate change and calculating—

Environment committee  The science on that is still in the development stage . The point is that we do not at this point have the modelling ability to calculate those impacts. You would have to be looking out at 2050; you would have to look at the global impacts, the global climatic changes; and you w

Environment committee  Well, $6 billion of that is based on reduced mortality, $5 million a life. It is the standard value given in this sort of analysis.

Environment committee  Yes, so 1,200 premature mortalities are avoided, and the model, although it does have confidence intervals on those ranges—So we do a confidence analysis on those ranges.

Environment committee  Air pollution entirely.

Environment committee  We ran the model for the business as usual scenario and then for the regulated scenario. The figures you see are the difference.

Environment committee  Yes.

Environment committee  Within the model. You have to realize the model was driven by a meteorological model, so there's an issue. If you go too small to calculate, then the model's not going to give you a difference in output because of the inherent errors in it. So I wouldn't want to narrow it down to