Public Safety committee  In order to give an appropriate answer to the question you raise, we would have to go back to 1982, when a document entitled “The Constitution Act, 1982”, incorporated the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, was enacted. The answer is right there: it uses the term “chacun” o

Public Safety committee  No, not with respect to security certificates. An additional element is being introduced here with respect to security certificates, but the actual appeal process already exists.

Public Safety committee  Yes, exactly. That is the way it works, but it is not a right of appeal that will necessarily result in a stay. It's important to understand that steps are taken and the case is heard on appeal, but that does not result in a stay. That's the first point. Secondly, I'd like to co

Public Safety committee  The judge hears the case and determines whether the certificate is adequate or not. If he says it isn't, he may decide that a point of law warrants a debate on the principle. He can then certify…

Public Safety committee  The process for certifying a question does exist in the legislation, yes.

Public Safety committee  It already exists, but not necessarily in relation to the security certificate process, as we understand it.

Public Safety committee  Yes, it is already in the legislation, Mr. Ménard.

Public Safety committee  I'm not sure that was one of the criticisms, but I do know that the process provided for here already exists in… [Technical difficulties-Editor].

Public Safety committee  It is not a right of appeal; it is a principle of judicial review. Nowhere in the Immigration Act is an actual right of appeal granted, except for permanent residents. There is provision for referral to the Immigration Appeal Division. That is the only place in the Immigration Ac

Public Safety committee  I would like to add to that answer. I have not done any particular research on that point. However, I want to stress that if the Canadian government, in its wisdom, and on the basis of its own analysis and research, arrives at the conclusion that a number of countries it has ide

Public Safety committee  If I could just add something, having dealt with cases of this type, I would say it is inevitable that one would be faced with a massive amount of information to process. One head could do some of that, but two, three or even four heads sharing the burden is preferable. It would