Public Safety committee  Generally, the guidelines suggest that you don't isolate someone without contact with people when you're trying to prevent and manage suicide. So if you're talking specifically about suicide, the level of risk should indicate the level of supervision that somebody receives. The

Public Safety committee  No, it's not from direct experience; it's from the literature, which is very rich. There has been a lot of work done in developing minimum standards in this particular area and studying the effectiveness of what approaches work well. This has been identified in the research and i

Public Safety committee  I'm sure there are, but they don't come to mind right now. The research generally recognizes the elevated risk among prisoners of suicide and self-harm—behaviours that have been covered in my report as well—and attempted suicides; however, the figures escape me currently.

Public Safety committee  The bodies of research from which I've mentioned that elevated risk are outlined in the report.

Public Safety committee  I will briefly address that. I'm not a clinician, so I couldn't tell you, based on a clinical view. The research supports integrated concurrent disorders treatment as a best practice and so supports dealing with both problems at the same time. I don't know sequentially how that

Public Safety committee  That's in prison populations. It also depends on how you define a prison population, because internationally it's defined quite differently.

Public Safety committee  I definitely take your point. The correctional environment is certainly difficult for delivering mental health and substance abuse services because of the inherent tensions within the environment. Having said that, others have done it, and there are innovative models. Within the

Public Safety committee  There are innovative models from the U.S. as well, so it's not just the U.K. There are psychiatric in-reach teams, in which mental health service providers go to prisons to provide services. There are people called trans-agency coordinators. They are responsible for coordinatin

Public Safety committee  My comment as a student of criminology and sociology is that your question is very complex and it sort of hinges on the social determinants of both mental illness and crime, which are very related. Poverty, marginalization as such, living in impoverished neighbourhoods, and those

Public Safety committee  Depending on the population you're looking at, the country you're looking at, and the definition of mental illness or mental disorder, the figures range from 5% to 70% within the literature. And that is not just within a Canadian context. Meta-analysis has generally ballparked t

Public Safety committee  I think the question is twofold. What the most common detected mental illnesses are is one question. What the common underlying, undetected mental illnesses are would be another question. With my familiarity with the literature, I can't separate it by men and women, although the

Public Safety committee  I'm familiar with Matsqui and Portage, but I'm not aware of the comparison you're speaking about.

Public Safety committee  Yes.

Public Safety committee  No.

Public Safety committee  Regarding that question, my familiarity is with the literature. I don't think it directly answers that question, but it does recognize that mental health and addiction services are delivered differently to different sized jails and prisons. The issues of the services you provide