Human Resources committee  Last year, in 2009, there were 2,100 foreign adoptions.

Human Resources committee  I will come back to that again... Are you talking about the immigration process or citizenship?

Human Resources committee  In the case of citizenship, there is recourse to the Federal Court.

Human Resources committee  As far as the refusal rate is concerned, I will have to send that information to you later, I do not have it on me.

Human Resources committee  You mean Bill C-37. The first Bill C-37, because there is a second that is—

Human Resources committee  That would effectively amend—

Human Resources committee  It depends on how she came to Canada. If an adopted child came through the immigration route—they came as a landed immigrant and therefore they are being naturalized after arriving in Canada—there is a second-generation possibility. If they are naturalized while they are abroad,

Human Resources committee  Any children born in Canada are Canadian.

Human Resources committee  If I can add, this is not really an adoption question, because there are a number of families who have natural-born children where some are born abroad and some in Canada. This is the case for many of my colleagues who work in the foreign service, for instance, who have children

Human Resources committee  This is largely due to China itself. My last posting abroad was in China, and I dealt with a lot of adoption there. That trend started at least a decade ago. It has more to do with the number of children being put up for adoption in China than anything else. It's not a phenomenon

Human Resources committee  When I was there about ten years ago, we were doing a thousand a year, and now I think it's more in the range of 500.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  There is not always an interview. It depends largely on whether there is any type of concern. With regard to parents, sometimes it's not an interview per se; it's more to see whether all the information is entered correctly or not. In the case of China, with which I'm more fami

Citizenship and Immigration committee  They must apply for permanent residence status. This will be assessed based on the same criteria as for citizenship. Anyone who wishes to immigrate to Canada must satisfy one additional criterion: a medical exam. Otherwise, the same criteria apply. Thus, two people who apply at t

Citizenship and Immigration committee  I'm not sure I can give an example, because normally the country's own law would determine, first of all, whether parents from abroad can adopt. Some countries don't allow it. Then, once this is done, there is a different type of requirement. Residency is one of them, for instanc

Citizenship and Immigration committee  For citizenship it's 18 years old, and for immigration it's the definition of “dependent”, for which 22 is the minimum. If the child is still studying, it can go longer than that.