Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  This, again, was based on 2008. There may have been additional rulings since that time that I'm not familiar with. But based on what we knew at the time.... The court had basically ruled that you can't assume, because it's provincial and because the federal law says provincial

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  I don't know if I can answer the question in terms of what resources are available. I think someone from the department would be better placed for that. Certainly, those under the First Nations Land Management Act have the opportunity to manage zoning requirements better and to p

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  This isn't something specific to first nations. This can be any small community where this becomes an issue. The familiarity of everyone can allow for undue influence on processes and decisions around enforcement and things like that. The more you can separate the regulator and t

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  We were asked to look at it from a broader regulatory perspective. It was not a legal analysis.

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  Oh, that's a question.... The institute has done a considerable amount of work on drinking water. I don't know about B.C. specifically, but again, I'll just say that there are national drinking water quality standards. There is not an effective regulatory regime for drinking w

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  Step-wise, yes.

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  In terms of the first question on whether the issue was raised, no, it was not during our work, but that was almost four years ago. So it could have come up since then. In terms of the effect of eliminating EMAs, what I like about the EMA is that it is actually like a work plan

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  As to the regulator versus the operator, whether or not this should stay with the first nations will depend on the function. For example, zoning would be okay, because the first nation can get a regulator and they are regulating businesses and other such things. But when you get

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  Sorry, we're talking about—

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  It's possible. I don't know all the provincial systems that well. In Ontario, with OFNTSC, they do a lot of capacity-building work, and they have made adjustments to keep valuable people—oral testing, grandfather clauses, and things like that. As to the broader system of certif

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  That's a tough one. As an institute, we have done a lot of work on drinking water, waste water, and runoff and the implications for human health when those systems are not properly regulated. Everyone is aware of the broader Canadian issues that have happened on that front, so I

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  I'm sorry, could you repeat the question?

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  I suppose it's an option. The challenge is the amount of time it would take to be put in place. When you're looking at federal legislation, the issue goes beyond first nations to military land and other federal lands, so it's actually fairly complex. Most of the regulations are

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  As you know—and I think it’s very important—there is a movement towards more tripartite agreements. But one thing our paper looks at is there's no point in having regulatory regimes if the first nations don't have the capacity and the resources to meet those regimes because they'

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  Good morning, everyone. As Marion indicated, I'm just going to give a brief summary of the work we did for Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development. The work was conducted in 2008, so some changes might have taken place since then that are not reflected here, but I will speak