Foreign Affairs committee  I'm not sure what kind of policy ramification this has. It is somewhat counterintuitive and interesting. It's exactly what Professor Momani was pointing to, which is that, in fact, the more politicized Shiite clerics tend to be more open to cooperation with Sunni forces. Traditio

Foreign Affairs committee  It's worth noting the oil revenue was largely supposed to make up for the loss of funding from the Saudis and the Gulf states, because as international attention ramped up, ISIS started receiving less and less funding from private individuals. To go back to what I was pointing t

Foreign Affairs committee  The numbers were relatively small—or had become smaller. A large number of Shiites went to Iran immediately after the U.S. invasion. That number had lowered. It has increased again. I think it's nowhere near the number who are going to Turkey. You have to keep in mind that there

Foreign Affairs committee  Thanks very much. Thank you for having me. I would only stress before I begin my comments that my work primarily focuses on Iran so the impressions I'll be offering will be general. Historically it's just worth pointing out a few things. One is that this degree of radicalism is