Status of Women committee  There are lots of concerns and thoughts. In terms of how GBA would have impacted those decisions, I'm not sure exactly of the question.

Status of Women committee  Sure, and I think that had there been a gender-based analysis done in some of those decisions, some of the services available would be different, and some of the makeup of who's there and who's not there might have been different. I think, generally, it's also about the movement of people and who moves and how that impacts lives.

Status of Women committee  In addition to the oversight, we also need examples of how it's making a difference. We also need, then, the stories and the narratives and the research, etc., that are showing how it makes a difference, so that we can move beyond compliance to results.

Status of Women committee  I can think that maybe we would have done gender assessments of some environmental projects that are now under way in Canada, and looked at how those projects have affected the lives of women. We can look at migration, such as when a lot of people in the Maritimes moved to Alberta to work in oil fields, etc.

Status of Women committee  I would concur with that and add that a piece that hasn't been talked about a lot is the need not only for gender champions but for management that has value for that process. It has to be more than compliance; I think what you need is political will, quite frankly.

Status of Women committee  I concur, and I don't know the language. Part of it is not understanding the language of officer and ombudsmen, and how those differ in practice. Yes, some kind of oversight would be helpful.

Status of Women committee  I don't have any thing else.

Status of Women committee  These are interesting questions. I've actually worked with UNFPA. The UNFPA has done some work in developing a model that would look at human rights culture and gender as a tripod in the way that you would look at all policies and programs. That might be one location where there are some resources on this.

Status of Women committee  The government providing to provinces?

Status of Women committee  I'm not really sure. Is that as it has existed in the past, or currently...? Maybe you want to speak to that.

Status of Women committee  Status of Women Canada cannot be responsible unless it's a department and actually has some power or has some status behind it, right? I think that's a starting point. I actually advocate for a phased-in approach: providing supports and resources from the PMO; with Status of Women becoming the main government agency overseeing the process, hopefully as a department; FEWO pressing for supports and resources, including evaluations to demonstrate the effectiveness; and Treasury Board and Privy Council being mandated to reject policies or programs that have not demonstrated GBA in process.

Status of Women committee  I'm not a quantitative researcher, so I don't talk about things as resourcing data, but I think there are many examples out there. I also would reiterate what my colleague said here about students. It doesn't have to be about staff within departments, who may or may not have the skills to do the kind of research you're talking about.

Status of Women committee  I think there are many ways in which this can be done. I think it can be done at an institutional level, working with universities. It could also be done with national women's organizations who have membership broadly across the country who could be engaged in processes. For example, CRIAW has been working; we get the odd SSHRC funding to do something and then try to do something using intersectional feminist frameworks.

Status of Women committee  I just gave two examples of studies that I had been involved in. They're both qualitative studies. They're community-based studies and they demonstrate that if gender were a consideration, things in the independent assessment process would have been very different. There, we're talking about close to...now they're saying it's over $3 billion of federal money.

Status of Women committee  I will say three things on that. First, I think I gave the example of South Africa where the status of women falls under the presidency. It's also a full department, not an agency. I think those are key foundational pieces in terms of making this sustainable. UN Women is now looking at training for gender equality and they've been consulting people.