Foreign Affairs committee  I think our experience with the act to date has been that it has provided a tool that we lacked. It provided a tool that allowed us to respond to those very particular circumstances for which regulations were adopted. We know from some conversations with other states that they ha

Foreign Affairs committee  I can't speak to the specifics of that because I'm not aware of the specific details. As I say, the Freezing Assets of Corrupt Foreign Officials Act is very much meant to be a temporary measure to be followed by a request for mutual legal assistance. Whatever rules guide mutual l

Foreign Affairs committee  I suppose as a general answer, anybody who's affected by an aspect of Canadian law could always seek to challenge their listing under Canadian law and seek judicial review for a variety of different reasons. That's always certainly a possibility, which is why we try very hard, wh

Foreign Affairs committee  We have not had any that have come to trial that I'm aware of.

Foreign Affairs committee  That's right.

Foreign Affairs committee  Thank you very much. The Freezing Assets of Corrupt Foreign Officials Act was established in order to respond to a request from a foreign state. It's the foreign state, in particular circumstances under the act, that makes a request to Canada to actually freeze those assets. Tho

Foreign Affairs committee  I'm going to start at the very beginning with the question of the person coming to Canada. I think one of the most immediate tools is the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, that is, the ability to prevent individuals from coming to Canada. Again, it's another department th

Foreign Affairs committee  Perhaps that's a question on which several colleagues would wish to share, but certainly there are a number of different tools available to a state to express its displeasure. They include the usual diplomatic tools. I think the Iran resolution was mentioned today, for example, t

Foreign Affairs committee  I will do my best to assist. Again, without trying to be too specific, as Marc-Yves was saying, the tool that is available to the government under the Special Economic Measures Act essentially has the two different.... We call them triggers, the two different triggers. One is t

Foreign Affairs committee  I'll have to look at my notes, Chair. It's a while since they were put in place in Burma, but at the time there would have been a concern that the situation was of such magnitude that it was a grave breach of international peace and security. That would have been the rationale fo

Foreign Affairs committee  I think the due process question is an important one. I would say it has been central to the way we have approached sanctions in our own existing legislation to date. I think you have probably heard from some witnesses who have spoken already about the United Nations process and

Foreign Affairs committee  There's an expectation that Canadian companies operating abroad will comply with Canadian law; it's a general expectation and assumption that Canadian companies will do so. I would say that's probably the case in most circumstances. There are, of course, enforcement agencies, inc

Foreign Affairs committee  Perhaps I could use this as an additional point to make. Again, without speaking about specific cases, when we're talking about United Nations sanctions, for example, there's a role not only for Canada but a role for all member states of the United Nations. When you're talking ab

Foreign Affairs committee  Indeed.

Foreign Affairs committee  That question, I think, probably goes back to the question that was posed earlier about the manner in which we have organized ourselves to respond to queries from the public, and generally to respond to sanctions. I would say that, currently, we do have limits on our ability to