Transport committee  I think I would build on the comments of Dr. Schooling here. I think a robust data management infrastructure is one of the requirements. I think data tends to get forgotten in discussions of infrastructure, and the focus tends to be on the hardware, but the software and the data

Transport committee  There are very significant standards issues. There are very significant issues around the security of the data infrastructure. There are really important issues around ownership, which I mentioned in my comments. If the foresight and the planning is not there, municipalities or g

Transport committee  Yes.

Transport committee  I think we are still a bit behind, but I also think we can make up a lot of ground. We can and must make the effort to do that.

Transport committee  There are significant differences between Canadian data protection legislation and what is in place in Europe, including European legislation on the reuse of public sector information. Some of those differences are due to updating, because of the process of reviewing, revising, u

Transport committee  I think that is one of the challenges. That is certainly on the agenda at the Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada. It is currently examining the issue of consent. I think this is an increasingly urgent problem to be addressed in Canada.

Transport committee  There are certainly companies that have had data leaks and security problems. Complaints have also been made against companies, but I think transparency is also still a problem. How can we know what happens behind the walls? Is the use of personal information consistent with priv

Transport committee  In the smart cities context?

Transport committee  If you mean an example of how a city or a government should go about ensuring.... I have already given the example of contracting for data in the hands of private sector companies. I do think it's important that governments set basic standards for any personal information they'll

Transport committee  I think there are a couple of questions there. Often where data is provided by app companies to governments for planning or other purposes, they retain ownership of the data. I think that's an interesting and significant issue for municipalities, for a number of reasons. Often th

Transport committee  Where the government is collecting personal information directly, or where the government is collecting it through the private sector, I suppose, there needs to be a level of transparency in terms of the practices that are taking place so that people can understand what data is b

Transport committee  Yes.

Transport committee  Purpose limitation is already in the legislation, but I agree that it's something that has become problematic in terms of its monitoring and enforcement. It is an important principle.

Transport committee  We have to try nonetheless. I think it is essential that we try. There are, however, other measures that governments can adopt. For instance, as I said earlier, governments buy information from the private sector. I am seeing this more and more. This is essentially big data from

Transport committee  This is essentially the challenge. This is the challenge under private-sector data protection legislation as well. There have to be certain norms for the collection of personal information and for compliance with those norms.