Health committee  Yes, the second one is much easier, so I'll start with the second one. With antimicrobials there are four classes of microbes. You have bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungus. All four need drugs. They are usually called antiparasitics, antivirals, antibacterials, and antifung

Health committee  In the multiple tens of thousands, so 40,000 in the EU and in the U.S., so is it 4,000, 2,000, or 1,000 in Canada? That's difficult to say.

Health committee  Just taking the time to hear us, I think, showed the importance you're placing on this very important issue. It is recognized now to be worthwhile. We're very thankful that Canada also believes this is an important issue that we have to move forward on. Thank you for all your su

Health committee  No, I just support what Howard is saying. Often when we are having meetings or workshops, we bring patients also to share their views and to see how we can move forward to try to improve on this.

Health committee  I'll give a first try at that question, and then hopefully my colleagues from the Public Health Agency can complement that. Basically, providing health is a provincial jurisdiction. Each province has its own guidelines to move forward on how it will deal with that type of infect

Health committee  Thank you for the question. You're right. There's an economic aspect. However, we must also take into account that antibiotics are still saving lives. This is the case for people suffering from an infection. Unfortunately, our collective unconscious leads us to believe that ant

Health committee  That's a fantastic question. If we had the answer, we would already know where to focus. This is why it makes it complicated, but interesting, from an academic point of view. This is why Canada and all the other countries also have used this multi-sectoral approach, because if yo

Health committee  This is a fantastic question. Yes, actually Canada has strengths in those alternatives to antibiotics, to antimicrobials. Phage therapy was developed by Félix d'Herelle, a French Canadian researcher. He developed it in Paris, but he was from Canada. That was the first therapy i

Health committee  I'll start, and maybe my colleagues would like to complement what I'm saying. The problem is rising. Twenty years ago we were talking about this, but the rates of resistance that we are encountering now are frightening, and I'm talking worldwide, especially in the outer regions

Health committee  If I may, I would just add a little on this because I did participate in the 2014 framework and action plan. On the pan-Canadian framework, just to give you an idea, there were four pillars. For each pillar, there were two co-chairs, one on the human side and one on the animal si

Health committee  Thank you for your question. We're talking about prescribers, and often they're medical doctors but often they're prescribing nurses or other specialists. Actually in the new curriculum, because of the importance of AMR, this is more and more discussed. Now they are young stude

Health committee  Yes, I support everything that Dr. Njoo has indicated, except that we should not double our efforts, but quadruple them, because handwashing is a recurring theme, probably, when you study medicine, and it is now in the curriculum. It's about behaviour, really. There is a lot of

Health committee  Thank you, Mr. Chair. I’d like to thank the committee for inviting me to speak to you about how the Government of Canada is supporting the federal framework on antimicrobial resistance, or AMR. As you know, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, or CIHR, is the Governmen