National Defence committee  That question is extremely hard to answer, in part because of the lack of data, so I'm going to take a pass on that one because I feel I cannot answer it competently.

National Defence committee  Exactly. That's reserved only for the most sensitive weapons, and most governments won't do that. But there is middle ground that some governments embrace.

National Defence committee  Yes, I would.

National Defence committee  That's not my report, but my interpretation of that report is that there is some ambiguity in the law regarding licensing, but that would only apply to certain types of firearms, when we're talking about rocket-propelled grenades, when we're talking about hand grenades. All of th

National Defence committee  Yes, again, I didn't do this research, but my understanding is that there is some ambiguity that has legal implications, but when you look at the weapons that are of greatest concern, at least from my viewpoint, it has less to do with legal procedures and more to do with law enfo

National Defence committee  I would just say that data is very sparse. What we have are summaries of seizures, and most of those summaries do not have a lot of detail. Illicit movement within the country appears to be perpetrated by different types of traffickers. There are some reports of online traffickin

National Defence committee  We have some data on exports of small arms and light weapons from Ukraine. The Ukrainians are very good about reporting on those exports, at least those that are authorized. That's available through the UN register of conventional arms and other sources.

National Defence committee  They're listed in the UN registry. There has been a steep decline in exports since the beginning of the war, as in an order of magnitude decrease. The exports are less frequent, which is not surprising. They probably need them for themselves at this point.

National Defence committee  I'm not a miliary expert, so I can't comment on the impact. I would just say that exports themselves are not problematic necessarily. The control measures that are put in place on those exports are what is important. Canada is generally very good about this. It's proper licensi

National Defence committee  I don't know which government agency would be responsible for that. What is realistic depends on the type of weapon. If they are parts for small arms, there's very little that you can do necessarily. If they're Javelin missiles, if you follow the U.S. lead, for example, with Stin

National Defence committee  Sure. I would just preface my comment by saying that it is a Herculean task for any government to monitor small arms and light weapons in its territory, especially when some of the territory is not controlled by its forces. The Ukrainian government has been very aggressive in co

National Defence committee  The Russian militants have access to a lot of different small arms and weapons.

National Defence committee  That is a good question. There is anecdotal evidence linking them to Russia. But a lot more study needs to be done in part because a lot of the weapons listed that we've seen are early-generation, Soviet-designed systems that were widely exported in the region and were stockpiled

National Defence committee  No, not necessarily. Some of the rocket launchers, yes, but not all of them. The man-portable air defence systems are pretty widely proliferated.

National Defence committee  Thank you very much. I want to begin by thanking the Standing Committee on National Defence for the opportunity to participate in today's discussion, which we view as very important. As mentioned, I am a senior researcher with Small Arms Survey, a Geneva-based institute that co